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Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Food, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Introduction Differences (or disorders) of sex development (DSD) are defined as congenital conditions in which inconsistencies occur in chromosomal, gonadal, and anatomical (genital) sex development ( 1 ). DSD exhibits intricate
Molecular Reproductive Research Group, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
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Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
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Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
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, whereas the difference between the two latter was statistically significant ( P = 0.012) ( Fig. 1A and Table 3 ), following adjustment for age. Figure 1 BAFF serum levels were higher in the CW and TW groups (A) and were dependent on sex hormones
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Genetics and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Rapp M Walczak-Jedrzejowska R Marchlewska K Oszukowska E Nordenstrom A & DSD- LIFE G roup . Risk of gonadal neoplasia in patients with disorders/differences of sex development . Cancer Epidemiology 2020 69 101800. ( https://doi.org/10
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variation in kisspeptin concentrations at any age. Regarding PDS scores ( Fig. 1B ), boys had higher kisspeptin concentrations than girls from PDS score 2 onward. For DHEA-S and testosterone ( Fig. 1C and D plots, respectively), sex differences are
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(In this review, we use the term ‘sex’ to refer to biological aspects of male or female development, whereas we use the term ‘gender’ to refer to an individual’s self-reported sense of gender.) differences before puberty, skeletal sexual dimorphism
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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, HRQoL questionnaires were developed for parents of young children with disorders or differences of sex development (QoL-DSD) ( 19 ), in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration’s guidelines on the development of patient-reported outcome (PRO
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
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or sight, and/or color blindness. Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the sex chromosome trisomies (SCT) and control group. SCT Controls Group differences n = 75 n = 81 Age in years – M ( s.d. ) 3
TRIXY Center of Expertise, Leiden University Treatment and Expertise Centre (LUBEC), Sandifortdreef, Leiden, The Netherlands
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg, Leiden, The Netherlands
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TRIXY Center of Expertise, Leiden University Treatment and Expertise Centre (LUBEC), Sandifortdreef, Leiden, The Netherlands
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg, Leiden, The Netherlands
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TRIXY Center of Expertise, Leiden University Treatment and Expertise Centre (LUBEC), Sandifortdreef, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Dr. Molewaterplein, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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TRIXY Center of Expertise, Leiden University Treatment and Expertise Centre (LUBEC), Sandifortdreef, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Clinical, Neuro, and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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TRIXY Center of Expertise, Leiden University Treatment and Expertise Centre (LUBEC), Sandifortdreef, Leiden, The Netherlands
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Introduction About 1 in 650–1000 children are born with a 47,XXY, 47,XXX, or 47,XYY chromosomal pattern, as a result of having an extra X or Y chromosome ( 1 ). Knowledge about the neurocognitive and behavioral phenotypes of these sex
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glucocorticoid exposure mediates sex differences in placental and fetal development . Science of the Total Environment 2022 827 154396 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154396 ) 10 Mairesse J Lesage J Breton C Bréant B Hahn T Darnaudéry
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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rate of kidney function decline. This phenomenon is often referred to as the ‘CKD paradox’ ( 2 , 3 ), and differences in sex hormones between men and women might underlie these existing sex differences ( 3 , 4 , 5 ). In men, the major sex hormone