Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Makarios Children's Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Sussex Community NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
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Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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and repeated in Oct 2023. Papers were excluded from review if they were not written in the English language. The quality of evidence and risk of bias was assessed using the GRADE approach ( 12 ). Guideline recommendations agreed by the entire group
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( 21 ). Moreover, a negative association was found between CSF TNFα level and sleep quality in AS. The cigarette smoking-induced sleep disturbance was accompanied by higher dopamine levels but lower dopamine transporter levels in the CSF of AS ( 22
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biochemical index (Beckman AU5400; Beckman Coulter Corp.). Subsequently, we identified 19 variables with robust data quality and relevant physical measurements as potential variates. Ultrasound assessments for hepatic steatosis Two skilled sonographers