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Katica Bajuk Studen Nuclear Medicine Department, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Marija Pfeifer Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence 5–16% under different diagnostic criteria and across several ethnic groups, with exact pathogenesis still unclear ( 1 , 2 , 3

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0129
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 7
Open access
Yao Chen Hangzhou Fuyang Women and Children Hospital, Hangzhou, China

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Shu-ying Fang Hangzhou Fuyang Women and Children Hospital, Hangzhou, China

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous and complex disorder of reproductive aged women, which usually causes reproduction and metabolism failure ( 1 , 2 ). It often presents as hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0121
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 5
Open access
Shilpa Lingaiah Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

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Laure Morin-Papunen Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

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Terhi Piltonen Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

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Inger Sundström-Poromaa Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

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Elisabet Stener-Victorin Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Juha S Tapanainen Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with an estimated prevalence of 6–15%, depending on the criteria used for diagnosis ( 1 ). It is a heterogeneous disorder with

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0116
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Signe Kirkegaard Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Nanna Maria Uldall Torp Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Stig Andersen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Stine Linding Andersen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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prevail regarding the underlying mechanisms for the associations observed and as to whether thyroid function and/or autoimmunity is the key determinant ( 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). Endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common gynecological

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0431
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 2
Open access
Angela Köninger Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Antonella Iannaccone Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Ensar Hajder Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Mirjam Frank Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Boerge Schmidt Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Ekkehard Schleussner Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany

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Rainer Kimmig Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Alexandra Gellhaus Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Hans Dieplinger Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) . Human Reproduction 2004 19 41 – 47 . ( https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh098 ) 4 Fauser BC Tarlatzis BC Rebar RW Legro RS Balen

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0064
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 5
Open access
Sanna Mustaniemi Public Health Promotion Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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Marja Vääräsmäki Public Health Promotion Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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Johan G Eriksson Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland

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Mika Gissler Information Services Department, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Hannele Laivuori Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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Hilkka Ijäs Public Health Promotion Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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Aini Bloigu PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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Eero Kajantie Public Health Promotion Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Laure Morin-Papunen PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. The prevalence of GDM varies from 9% to 25% and the prevalence of PCOS varies from 5

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0076
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 7
Open access
Krzysztof C Lewandowski Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland

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Justyna Płusajska Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland

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Wojciech Horzelski Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

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Ewa Bieniek Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland

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Andrzej Lewiński Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland

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presented in Table 2 . Table 2 Percentile distribution of insulin resistance indices in a group of 478 women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Percentiles HOMA (95% CI) IRI (Belfiore) (95% CI) QUICKI (95% CI) McAuley (95% CI

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Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0021
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 3
Open access
Małgorzata Kałużna Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Agnieszka Nomejko Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland

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Aleksandra Słowińska Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland

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Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases Ward, Heliodor Swiecicki University Hospital, Poznan, Poland

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Katarzyna Pikosz Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Katarzyna Ziemnicka Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Marek Ruchała Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition, affecting up to 20% of reproductive-aged women ( 1 , 2 ). PCOS is associated with significant hormonal, reproductive , metabolic, and psychological concerns. PCOS is

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0257
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
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Małgorzata Kałużna Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Pola Kompf Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska Heliodor Święcicki Clinical Hospital, Poznan, Poland

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Jerzy Moczko Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Aleksandra Królczyk Chair and Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Adam Janicki Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Karol Szapel Department of Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Marian Grzymisławski Chair and Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Marek Ruchała Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Katarzyna Ziemnicka Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation with features such as clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, oligo- or anovulation and a characteristic image of

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0309
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 4
Open access
Raymond J Rodgers Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Jodie C Avery Robinson Research Institute, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Vivienne M Moore Robinson Research Institute, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Michael J Davies Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Ricardo Azziz Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA

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Elisabet Stener-Victorin Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Lisa J Moran Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Sarah A Robertson Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Nigel K Stepto Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia

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Robert J Norman Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
FertilitySA, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Helena J Teede Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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Introduction Following the recent release of international guidelines for management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ( 1 ) endorsed by 38 international organisations in 71 countries, the research, clinical and consumer PCOS communities

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Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0502
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 3
Open access