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efficacy. There might also be differences between classic vs non-classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency for example, it has been questioned if DHEAs is a valid disease marker in classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency ( 6 ). Adding to the complexity, 24-h hormone
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Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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cytochromep450 family 21 subfamily A member 2 gene ( CYP21A2) , which leads to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) and may be life-threatening due to a reduced adrenal production of cortisol and aldosterone. The disturbance leads to an increased production of
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INSERM, Physiopathologie et Pharmacotoxicologie Placentaire Humaine : Microbiote Pré & Post natal, Paris, France
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. ( https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03347878 ) 25 Dall’Asta C Barbetta L Libé R Passini E Ambrosi B . Coexistence of 21-hydroxylase and 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency in adrenal incidentalomas and in subclinical Cushing’s syndrome . Hormone Research
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–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, with insufficient adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) stimulation of the adrenal cortex ( 2 ) leading to deficiency in cortisol and adrenal androgens. This is mostly commonly caused by pituitary tumours and the resultant treatment including
Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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or biochemically manifest ( 4 ). A proportion (~50%) of these patients progress to adrenal cortical destruction ( 5 ) but are able to compensate by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-driven hypertrophy of unaffected areas, as demonstrated by case
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transactivation capability of thyroid transcription factor 1 ( TTF-1 / NKX2-1 ) in vitro ( 39 ), which regulates the expression of genes essential for thyroid hormone biosynthesis ( 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ). While SGPL1 deficiency in humans does not consistently
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://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02740.x ) 11 Peter M Janzen N Sander S Korsch E Riepe FG & Sander J . A case of 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency detected in a newborn screening program by second-tier LC-MS/MS . Hormone Research 2008 69 253
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Vogiatzi MG Imel EA Davis SM Giri N Sturgeon J Roberts E Chan JL Crinecerfont lowers elevated hormone markers in adults with 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia . Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2022 107
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Introduction The control of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is suboptimal on standard hydrocortisone replacement therapy because it does not control the overnight rise in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) that drives the production of
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Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Introduction Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) deficiency occurs in around 1:10,000–1:15,000 newborns ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). It is caused by mutations in the CYP21A2 gene coding for the 21-OH enzyme