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Vita Birzniece School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, New South Wales, Australia
School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia

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Teresa Lam School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia

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Mark McLean School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia

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Navneeta Reddy Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia

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Haleh Shahidipour School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia

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Amy Hayden School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia

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Howard Gurney Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia

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Glenn Stone School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia

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Rikke Hjortebjerg Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Jan Frystyk Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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poorer cancer prognosis ( 1 , 2 ). Chronic hyperinsulinemia may stimulate carcinogenesis either directly through the insulin receptor or indirectly through insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF-1Rs). Recent evidence indicates that the anti

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Anna Gorbacheva Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Anna Eremkina Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Daria Goliusova Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Julia Krupinova Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Natalia Mokrysheva Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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. In response to certain stimuli (ionizing radiation, mitogens, growth factors, cytokines and others) IkB is phosphorylated, and NFκB is translocated into the nucleus ( 26 , 27 ). NFκB complexes are represented by homo- and heterodimers of

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Kaili Yang Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Jiarui Li Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China

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Yuejuan Cheng Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Chunmei Bai Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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clinical application of long-acting release somatostatin analogs (SSAs), the multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sunitinib, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapies (PRRTs) to inhibit tumor growth

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Eleftherios E Deiktakis Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

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Eleftheria Ieronymaki Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

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Peter Zarén Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Agnes Hagsund Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Elin Wirestrand Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Johan Malm Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Christos Tsatsanis Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

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Ilpo T Huhtaniemi Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, UK

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Aleksander Giwercman Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Malmö University Hospital, Reproductive Medicine Center, Malmö, Sweden

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Yvonne Lundberg Giwercman Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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line-derived xenograft (PC-3, DU145) growth in intact and degarelix-suppressed nude mice ( 8 ). In humans, a crossover study from agonist (leuprolide) to antagonist (degarelix) demonstrated better prostate cancer control with the latter, with a

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Josephina G Kuiper PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, AE Utrecht, Netherlands
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Aline C Fenneman Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Anne H van der Spek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Elena Rampanelli Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Max Nieuwdorp Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Myrthe P P van Herk-Sukel Department of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

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Valery E P P Lemmens Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, Netherlands

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Ernst J Kuipers Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Ron M C Herings PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, AE Utrecht, Netherlands
Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Eric Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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% ( 2 ). Consequently, 20 to 60% of this synthetic drug is excreted in the stool, resulting in a supraphysiological exposure of the colonic epithelium to thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones (TH) play an important role in cellular growth, proliferation

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Judith Gebauer Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany

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Claire E Higham Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK

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specialists. Topics will cover bone health, growth hormone deficiency, the impact of different radiotherapy techniques on the hypothalamic–pituitary axis, risk assessment for second cancers, as well as strategies for international collaboration and different

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Nikolaos Kyriakakis Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Marilena Giannoudi Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Satish S Kumar Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Khyatisha Seejore Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Georgios K Dimitriadis Department of Endocrinology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK

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Harpal Randeva Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK

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Adam Glaser Pediatric Oncology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK

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Michelle Kwok-Williams Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Georgina Gerrard Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Carmel Loughrey Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Ahmed Al-Qaissi Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Ramzi Ajjan Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Julie Lynch Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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insulin tolerance test (ITT) or the glucagon stimulation test, where the ITT was contraindicated, was used to assess the integrity of the growth hormone (GH) and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axes. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and thyroid function

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Enrique Pedernera Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Embriología y Genética, Ciudad de México, México

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Flavia Morales-Vásquez Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, México

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María J Gómora Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Embriología y Genética, Ciudad de México, México

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Miguel A Almaraz Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Embriología y Genética, Ciudad de México, México

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Esteban Mena Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Secretaría General, Ciudad de México, México
Universidad La Salle, Posgrado de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad de México, México

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Delia Pérez-Montiel Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, México

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Elizabeth Rendon Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología. Ciudad de México, México

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Horacio López-Basave Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, México

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Juan Maldonado-Cubas Universidad La Salle, Posgrado de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad de México, México

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Carmen Méndez Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Embriología y Genética, Ciudad de México, México

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). Present observations apparently contradict previous results; however, the effect of estrogens on the total tumor growth and the survival has not yet been elucidated in epithelial ovarian tumors ( 31 , 32 , 33 ). The current results demonstrate that 17β

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Daniel Alexander Hescheler Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany

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Milan Janis Michael Hartmann Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Burkhard Riemann Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany

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Maximilian Michel Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne Germany, Cologne, Germany

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Christiane Josephine Bruns Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Hakan Alakus Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Costanza Chiapponi Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Food and Drug Administration; FTC, follicular thyroid cancer; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; FTL-3, FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase-3; HR, hazard ratio; MTC, medullary thyroid cancer; MTD, maximum tolerated dose; N/A, not available; ORR

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Peiwen Wu Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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Dongjie He Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Hao Chang Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Xiaozhi Zhang Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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shown that SSAs are considered to be the cornerstone treatment for patients with well-differentiated NETs that relieve symptoms and control tumor growth ( 43 ). However, some clinical questions remain, including the optimal dose and administration

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