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stenosis (PVS; prevalence 50–60%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM; 20%) and atrial septal defects (6–10%) ( 1 ). Growth hormone (GH) treatment in patients with NS improves height velocity, height standard deviation score (SDS) and adult height, with a
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Introduction Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is associated with increased visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hyperglycaemia ( 1 ). AGHD may persist from childhood or be acquired in adulthood as a result of
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likely related to its ability to increase insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) action. PAPP-A activates IGF1 through proteolytic cleavage of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) -2, -4 and -5, which provides IGFBP fragments with low ligand affinity. By this
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defined as the amount of tumor growth in the liver (in this case metastatic NET lesions), measured as a percentage of total liver volume on a CT scan. LTB was evaluated based on the patient’s most recent CT scan, performed up to 6 months prior to the final
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statins. In addition to the LXR pathway, it has been shown that MYLIP/IDOL can also be regulated by sterol-independent mechanisms. Expression of MYLIP/IDOL is downregulated by pro-nerve growth factor and upregulated by Reelin in neuronal cells ( 25 , 26
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treatment of T2MD ( 1 , 21 ). In some countries, GLP-1 has been applied to the long-term treatment of clinical obesity, and GLP-1 can promote nerve growth and reduce neuroinflammation, which has become a hotspot in the research of neurodegenerative therapy
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Dominguez-Rodriguez A Avanzas P Gonzalez-Gonzalez J Belleyo-Belkasem C & Abreu-Gonzalez P . Growth differentiation factor 15, a new prognostic marker in diabetic cardiomyopathy . Revista Espanola de Cardiologia 2016 69 81 – 83 . ( https
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Aliya S & Alese OB . Role of adiponectin in obesity related gastrointestinal carcinogenesis . Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews 2015 26 83 – 93 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.06.007 )