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with radiographic evidence of bone disease in children 1 year of age and older and adolescents with growing skeletons. It is administered as a subcutaneous injection every 2 weeks ( https
Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, de Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, de Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, de Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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disadvantage after preterm birth ( 13 ). Although sex differences in HPA axis activity have been postulated to emerge during puberty, recent evidence suggests that such differences are already present early in life ( 14 , 15 ). However, little is known about
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology for Children, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Bicêtre Paris-Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
Paris Sud – Paris Saclay University, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormonology, Bicêtre Paris-Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Hôpital Necker EnfantsMalades APHP, INSERM U1151, Paris, France
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology for Children, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
APHP, Department of Adolescent Medicine, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology for Children, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
Paris Sud – Paris Saclay University, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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hypothesized that low phosphorus intake may be involved in the progression of weight gain and metabolic syndrome ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). Today, a growing body of scientific evidence shows an inverse relationship between serum phosphate
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Objective
Ultra-sensitive hormone assays have detected slight sex differences in blood estradiol (E2) levels in young children before adrenarche. However, the origin of circulating E2 in these individuals remains unknown. This study aimed to clarify how E2 is produced in young girls before adrenarche.
Design
This is a satellite project of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study organized by the National Institute for Environmental Studies.
Methods
We collected blood samples from healthy 6-year-old Japanese children (79 boys and 71 girls). Hormone measurements and data analysis were performed in the National Institute for Environmental Studies and the Medical Support Center of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, respectively.
Results
E2 and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were significantly higher in girls than in boys, while dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and testosterone levels were comparable between the two groups. Girls showed significantly higher E2/testosterone ratios than boys. In children of both sexes, a correlation was observed between E2 and testosterone levels and between testosterone and DHEA-S levels. Moreover, E2 levels were correlated with FSH levels only in girls.
Conclusions
The results indicate that in 6-year-old girls, circulating E2 is produced primarily in the ovary from adrenal steroids through FSH-induced aromatase upregulation. This study provides evidence that female-dominant E2 production starts several months or years before adrenarche. The biological significance of E2 biosynthesis in these young children needs to be clarified in future studies.
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, and insulin levels than OW/OB children without central OB. These suggest that central OB was associated with higher cardiometabolic markers, independently of the presence of OW/OB. There is strong evidence demonstrating that higher WC is associated
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Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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instead of 24-h urine or the relatively small sample size. Our data provided evidence for a sexual dimorphism in cortisol metabolism, as assessed by ratios reflecting the activities of the enzymes involved. We found that with advancing pubertal
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St.Anna Kinderspital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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treatment of children with CAH ( 7 , 8 ). Recently, it was stated in a Cochrane review that the evidence levels of the presented data were not strong enough to draw firm conclusions about the most effective glucocorticoid replacement scheme in CAH ( 8
Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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appropriate. PSS, pre-shortness; SS, short stature. In this study, the prevalence of short stature and pre-shortness was 3.9% ( n = 375) and 13.1% ( n = 1616), respectively. In addition, the ICC statistic indicated no evidence of potential
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France
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Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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cryptorchidism ( 20 ). Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were normal or elevated and inhibin B levels normal or decreased. Evidence that males with galactosemia have fathered children comes only from personal communications. Few descriptive data are available
AP-HP.Nord-Université de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Unité d’Épidémiologie Clinique, Inserm, Paris, France
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2016 353 i2225. ( https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2225 ) 12 Gabriel P McManus M Rogers K White P Outcome evidence for structured pediatric to adult health care transition interventions: a systematic review . Jurnalul Pediatrului 2017 188