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Selina Mäkinen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Neeta Datta Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Yen H Nguyen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Petro Kyrylenko Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Markku Laakso Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

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Heikki A Koistinen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Thr 308 were inhibited with lactone-form simvastatin, suggesting an Akt-independent mechanism for phosphorylation of AS160 and GSK3β with lactone-form simvastatin. In order to get more detailed insight into the glucose metabolism in terms of energy

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Michaela Keuper Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

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Introduction White adipose tissue (WAT) is a metabolically active tissue that modifies systemic metabolism significantly by regulating the storage and release of lipids. Free fatty acids serve as a major fuel source during times of energy

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Selina Mäkinen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Neeta Datta Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Yen H Nguyen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Petro Kyrylenko Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Markku Laakso Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

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Heikki A Koistinen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Florian W Kiefer Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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that results in increased energy wasting and body weight loss in humans is yet to be shown. Function of human BAT: relevance for energy metabolism Soon after the detection of cold-induced BAT in human adults in 2009, numerous follow-up studies

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Rajae Talbi Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Victor M Navarro Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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metabolism. Kiss1 neurons as metabolic gates of fertility Kiss1 neurons are critical regulatory nodes that integrate metabolic cues in order to adjust reproductive function to energy stores. A number of studies have characterized the inhibitory effect

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Anna Gorbacheva Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Anna Eremkina Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Daria Goliusova Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Julia Krupinova Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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Natalia Mokrysheva Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation

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mineral density (BMD) followed by multiple low-energy fractures. In contrast to sporadic PHPT, bone disorders in patients with PHPT in multiple endocrine neoplasias (PHPT/MEN1) are more severe. The higher severity of bone and mineral disorders in patients

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Jakob Høgild Langdahl Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Southwest Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark

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Anja Lisbeth Frederiksen Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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John Vissing Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Morten Frost Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Knud Bonnet Yderstræde Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Per Heden Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Southwest Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark

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muscle is inversely correlated to age of diabetes debut ( 14 ). It is debated whether the impaired glucose metabolism in m.3243A>G carriers is characterized by insulin resistance, insulin secretion defect or a combination. The nuclear gene encoded

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Jeyanthini Risikesan Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Birgitte Nellemann Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway

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Britt Christensen Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Søren Nielsen Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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, 9 ). Other studies indicate that EPO has effects on lipid and energy metabolism. However, the mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear ( 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ). Treatment with rHuEpo has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity and

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L Johnsen Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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N B Lyckegaard Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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P Khanal Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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B Quistorff Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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K Raun Diabetes and Obesity Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark

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M O Nielsen Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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downstream regulators ( 45 , 24 ). This interference of peripheral TH function in tissues, quantitatively important in energy metabolism, is in line with the observation that HIGH:CONV sheep did not increase their heart rate in response to a thyroxine surge

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Jia Liu Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Lin Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Jing Fu Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Qiu Wang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Guang Wang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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from anterior pituitary and named for its crucial effect on lactation ( 8 , 9 ). Recent studies have demonstrated that PRL plays an important role in regulating energy metabolism ( 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ). PRL administration

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