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Lingjuan Li Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jing Qin Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Lin Ren Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Shiyuan Xiang Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoyun Cao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xianglan Zheng Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Zhiwen Yin Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Nidan Qiao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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common surgical complication in these patients is electrolyte disturbance characterized by hypernatremia ( 3 ). Previous studies have estimated the prevalence of hypernatremia in patients with craniopharyngioma to be between 15% and 44.8% ( 4 , 5

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Kunzhe Lin Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Lingling Lu Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Zhijie Pei Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Shuwen Mu Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Shaokuan Huang Department of Neurosurgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, China

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Shousen Wang Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Department of Neurosurgery, 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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function, HPA axis function, and electrolyte levels were recorded. The criteria for HPT and HPA hypofunction were based on Bordo et al. ( 2 ). Statistical analysis All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows

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Cihan Atila Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Sophie Monnerat Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Roland Bingisser Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Martin Siegemund Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Maurin Lampart Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Marco Rueegg Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Núria Zellweger Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Stefan Osswald Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Katharina Rentsch Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Mirjam Christ-Crain Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Raphael Twerenbold Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
University Center of Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg–Kiel–Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany

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Background Hyponatremia, defined as a plasma sodium concentration < 135 mmol/L, is the most common electrolyte disorder in both in- and outpatient settings ( 1 ). It is indicative of disturbed water homeostasis that can occur secondary to a

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Muhammad Fahad Arshad Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

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Ahmed Iqbal Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

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James Weeks Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK

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Ines Fonseca Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK

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Alia Munir Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK

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William Bennet Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK

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Introduction Hyponatraemia (serum sodium concentration <135 mmol/L) is the most frequently encountered electrolyte abnormality in clinical practice, occurring in up to one-third of all hospitalised patients ( 1 ). While hyponatraemia is driven

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