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Lauren R Cirrincione Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Bridgit O Crews Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, California, USA

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Jane A Dickerson Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Matthew D Krasowski Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

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Jessica Rongitsch Internal Medicine, Capitol Hill Medical, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Katherine L Imborek Department of Family Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

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Zil Goldstein Department of Medicine, Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, New York, USA
CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA

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Dina N Greene Washington Kaiser Permanente, Renton, Washington, USA
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

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. Other compounds (except ethinyl estradiol) are additional estrone metabolites. Ethinyl estradiol is a synthetic estrogen common in oral contraceptives but not used in feminizing hormone therapy. Data analysis We evaluated each estradiol

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0550
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Pravik Solanki Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Beng Eu Prahran Market Clinic, Victoria, Australia
Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Jeremy Smith Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

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Carolyn Allan Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Kevin Lee Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia

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testosterone replacement therapy ( 5 ). The severity of ASIH depends on the type, combination, timeframe and dosages of AAS being abused, which can vary considerably between abusers ( 6 ). Up to 90% may combine various forms of AAS, otherwise known as

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0358
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 12
Open access
Andre Madsen Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lise Aksglaede Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Petersen JH Andersson AM & Juul A . Sex, age, pubertal development and use of oral contraceptives in relation to serum concentrations of DHEA, DHEAS, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, Delta4-androstenedione, testosterone and their ratios in children

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0537
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 5
Open access
Hans Valdemar López Krabbe Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jørgen Holm Petersen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Louise Laub Asserhøj Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Fertility, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Peter Christiansen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Rikke Beck Jensen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Line Hartvig Cleemann Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Casper P Hagen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lærke Priskorn Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Niels Jørgensen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Katharina M Main Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lise Aksglaede Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) combined with unmeasurable inhibin B, which reflects their primary testicular defect ( 2 , 3 , 4 ). Reduced testosterone concentrations may contribute to the well-known reduction of bone mineral

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0031
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 7
Open access
R H M Dykgraaf Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S Schalekamp-Timmermans Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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M C Adank Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S A A van den Berg Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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B M N van de Lang-Born Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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T I M Korevaar Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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A Kumar Ansh Labs, Webster, Texas, USA

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B Kalra Ansh Labs, Webster, Texas, USA

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G V Savjani Ansh Labs, Webster, Texas, USA

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E A P Steegers Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Y V Louwers Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J S E Laven Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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different AMH expression. Due to low FSH levels, the growth of the small follicles is slower and the granulosa cell mass seems to be less resulting in lower AMH levels ( 44 ). Moreover, combined oral contraceptive pill use suppresses the hypothalamic

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0320
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 3
Open access
Xinyuan Zhang Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Suiyan Li School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Hongwei Liu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Huai Bai Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Qingqing Liu Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Chunyi Yang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Ping Fan Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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PCOS and 806 healthy controls were included. To analyze oxidative stress, hormonal, and metabolic indices, participants were excluded if they had any of the following factors: (i) hormonal therapy (oral contraceptives) or medications known to affect

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0463
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Open access