Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Introduction Endocrine disorders affect up to 60% of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) ( 1 ). Cancer, brain tumors and their treatments have been associated with a higher risk of deficiencies in growth hormone (GH), thyroid hormone and sex
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
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Introduction Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) who received radiation therapy to the cervical region (cranial/ cranio-spinal or chest) are at increased risk of developing differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) among other malignancies. Long
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Section Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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diagnose and treat them in a timely fashion ( 9 ). Risk stratification in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with the classic criteria for MetS components can be difficult. This is due to the underestimation of adiposity by waist circumference, waist
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Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing (long-term) skeletal adverse effects, such as osteonecrosis, impaired bone mineral density, and fractures. This paper provides an overview of the current understanding of bone health in these survivors, examining whether it represents a significant concern. It focuses on the challenges of assessing and managing bone health in childhood cancer survivors, highlighting diagnostic pitfalls, methods for accurately identifying those at high risk, and suggested strategies for surveillance and management of osteonecrosis and impaired bone mineral density. The need for improved surveillance strategies, particularly for high-risk survivors, alongside potential prevention and management options, including pharmacological and lifestyle interventions, is emphasised. Given the lack of consensus on optimal prevention and treatment strategies, the paper emphasises the need for further research to optimise care and improve long-term outcomes for childhood cancer survivors with bone health impairments.
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Amsterdam UMC, Emma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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cancer survivors currently estimated at around 300,000–500,000 in Europe ( https://siope.eu/ ) and 450,000 in the United States ( https://curesearch.org/ ). Although the estimated number of 300,000 new cases of childhood cancer globally every year is
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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survival from childhood cancer has led to the recognition that exposure to multimodal cancer therapy is associated with an increased risk of long-term morbidity and late mortality. Late-onset adverse sequelae in childhood brain tumour survivors (SCBT
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Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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system and improve the well-being of childhood cancer survivors. Table 1 Prevalence of intracranial paediatric tumours. Information from Dang & Philips ( 2 ). Tumour type Cell type Prevalence (%) Example Glioma Glial
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deficiency (CO-GHD), those born small for gestational age (SGA), girls with Turner syndrome (TS), patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), and survivors of cancers treated during childhood was addressed and, specifically, the role for GH therapy in patients
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital/ University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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End Results Program, the annual percent change in pediatric thyroid cancer incidence increased from 1.1% per year (1973–2006) to 9.6% per year (2006–2013) ( 1 ). The increasing incidence is likely the result of better detection of small and early
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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survivors of other childhood cancers, childhood brain tumor survivors are among those at highest risk of both cognitive and physical sequelae ( 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ). Endocrine complications are, however, some of the most frequent