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I M A A van Roessel Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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J E Gorter Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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B Bakker Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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M H Lequin Department of Radiology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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J van der Lugt Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands

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L Meijer Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands

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A Y N Schouten-van Meeteren Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands

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H M van Santen Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Introduction Endocrine complications are common in up to 60% of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) ( 1 ). Deprived bone health, ranging from low bone mineral density (BMD) to bone pain and fractures, is a prevalent late effect, and brain tumor

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0224
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 10
Open access
Xiaonan Guo Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Wenjing Hu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Xiaorui Lyu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Hanyuan Xu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Huijuan Zhu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Hui Pan Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Linjie Wang Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Hongbo Yang Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Fengying Gong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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presented as mean ± s.e.m. The t- test was used for data analysis, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used when the data were not normally distributed. Correlations between metabolites and bone microstructural parameters were analyzed using Spearman

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0462
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Sherwin Criseno Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK

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Helena Gleeson Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Andrew A Toogood Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Neil Gittoes Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Anne Topping School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK

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Niki Karavitaki Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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(AGHD) is associated with a wide range of clinical features, including abnormal body composition, reduced bone mineral density, decreased muscle strength and exercise capacity, adverse metabolic and cardiovascular risk profiles and impaired general well

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0533
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Ichelle Maa van Roessel Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Boudewijn Bakker Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Hanneke M van Santen Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Wassim Chemaitilly Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UPMC Children’s Hospitalof Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

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Guidelines ( 2 ). The treatment of GH deficiency relies on the use of human recombinant GH (hGH). This allows affected children to improve their linear growth and achieve better final height outcomes with added benefits on bone health, lean body mass and

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0382
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 1
Open access
Laura Chioma Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Carla Bizzarri Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Martina Verzani Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Daniela Fava Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy

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Mariacarolina Salerno Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

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Donatella Capalbo Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Mother and Child, University Hospital Federico II, Naples, Italy

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Chiara Guzzetti Paediatric Endocrine Unit, Paediatric Hospital Microcitemico ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Laura Penta Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

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Luigi Di Luigi Endocrinology Unit, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome ‘Foro Italico’, Rome, Italy

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Natascia di Iorgi Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy

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Mohamad Maghnie Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy

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Sandro Loche Paediatric Endocrine Unit, Paediatric Hospital Microcitemico ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Marco Cappa Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay (Centaur-Bayer provided by Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics), and intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 3.8 and 5%, respectively. Bone age assessment Bone age (BA), in years, was

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0650
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Izabelle Lövgren Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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Azadeh Abravan Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Abigail Bryce-Atkinson Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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Marcel van Herk Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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to hormone deficiency. This can lead to further unfavourable health problems such as short stature and low bone mineral density ( 6 ). Sparing the endocrine system during RT will not only reduce the risk of endocrinopathy and improve the long

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0298
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access
Cihan Atila Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Sophie Monnerat Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Roland Bingisser Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Martin Siegemund Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Maurin Lampart Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Marco Rueegg Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Núria Zellweger Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Stefan Osswald Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Katharina Rentsch Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Mirjam Christ-Crain Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Raphael Twerenbold Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
University Center of Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg–Kiel–Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany

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hyponatremia . American Journal of Medicine 2020 133 986 .e5 – 993.e5 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.12.056 ) 9 Barsony J Kleess L Verbalis JG . Hyponatremia is Linked to Bone Loss, Osteoporosis, Fragility and Bone Fractures . Karger

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0171
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 10
Open access
S R Ali Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Office for Rare Conditions, Royal Hospital for Children & Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

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J Bryce Office for Rare Conditions, Royal Hospital for Children & Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

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A L Priego-Zurita Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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M Cherenko Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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C Smythe Office for Rare Conditions, Royal Hospital for Children & Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

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T M de Rooij Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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M Cools Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Belgium
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium

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T Danne Diabetes Center AUF DER BULT, Hannover, Germany

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H Katugampola UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London

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O M Dekkers Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Department of Medicine & Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands

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O Hiort Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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A Linglart AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, le Kremlin Bicêtre, France

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I Netchine Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de recherche Sainte Antoine, APHP, Hôpital des Enfants Armand Trousseau, Paris, France

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A Nordenstrom Pediatric Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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P Attila Clinical Genetics and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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L Persani Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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N Reisch Endokrinologie, Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany

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A Smyth Office for Rare Conditions, Royal Hospital for Children & Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

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Z Sumnik Department of Pediatrics, Motol University Hospital and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

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D Taruscio National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

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W E Visser Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Centre for Thyroid Diseases, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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A M Pereira Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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N M Appelman-Dijkstra Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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S F Ahmed Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Office for Rare Conditions, Royal Hospital for Children & Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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.B. and L.P. are supported by the European Union’s Health Programme (2014–2020) on the EuRRECa project ‘777215/EuRRECa’. S.F.A., N.M.A-D. and A.P.Z. are supported by the European Union’s Health Programme (2014–2020) on the EuRR-Bone project ‘946831/EuRR-Bone

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0434
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 12
Open access
Shikai Gui Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Wanli Yu Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Jiabao Xie Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Lunshan Peng Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Yuanyuan Xiong Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Zhen Song Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Department of Urology, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Haitao Luo Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Juexian Xiao Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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Shengtao Yuan Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China

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Zujue Cheng Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China

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(PitNETs) are non-invasive, grow slowly, and remain in the sella turcica ( 4 ). However, as many as 25–55% of PitNETs may display infiltrative features, such as invasion of the cavernous and sphenoid sinuses, along with either focal or extensive bone

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Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0097
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 7
Open access
David S McLaren Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Aarani Devi Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Nikolaos Kyriakakis Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Michelle Kwok-Williams Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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head and neck tumours, acute leukaemia with CNS involvement, as well as during total body irradiation (TBI) utilised as preconditioning before bone or stem cell transplantation. Cranial RT treatment volumes may be localised to the tumour's original site

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0490
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 9
Open access