Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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-cells, and activate T-cells to attack cancer cells. ICIs used to treat metastatic melanoma include anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) MAB, ipilimumab ( 1 ) and antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) MAbs, nivolumab and pembrolizumab
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Gastroenterology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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were considered to have PD. Results Of the 182 eligible patients, 132 were enrolled in the study ( Fig. 1 ). Clinical characteristics of the study population are illustrated in Table 1 . A total of 632 samples were collected in 132 patients
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grading of panNENs ( 3 ), high-grade neoplasms were separated into two categories: well-differentiated (WD) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor grade 3 (panNET-G3) and poorly differentiated (PD) NEC ( 4 ). PanNET-G3 frequently harbors mutations in MEN1 and
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Introduction Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is a rare group of autosomal dominant disorders with a wide spectrum of endocrine and non-endocrine manifestations ( Table 1 ). Five different types of MEN have been described so far: MEN1, MEN2
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Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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used to describe the resultant long-term deficiencies of at least two anterior pituitary hormones (following exclusion of sick euthyroid or sick eugonadal states). Isolated ACTH deficiency Isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD) is induced by PD-1 and PD
European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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therapies under investigation Atezolizumab Bevacizumab Cobimetinib Vemurafenib Paclitaxel Nab-Paclitaxel NCT03181100 Atezolizumab: PD-1L Bevacizumab: VEGFR Cobimetinib: MEK1, MEK2 Vemurafenib: BRAF V600E Paclitaxel: antimicrotubule agent Nab
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, New South Wales, Australia
School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
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Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
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Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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hypogonadism, it is associated with the development of obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and increased cardiovascular disease risk ( 1 , 2 ). The metabolic syndrome is present in >50% of men receiving long-term ADT compared to 20% of matched
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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malignant brain tumours before the age of 15 years ( 1 ). Not dissimilar outcomes are observed in teenage and young adults (15–40 years), in whom 5-year survival approaches 68%. In contrast, considerably lower 5-year survival rates of up to 20% are observed
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patients and progression (PD) in 49 patients. In the study group, NSE levels were determined in 96 patients during treatment monitoring at 3 months and at 6 months after the first follow-up. The characteristics of the study group are presented in Table 1
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effect was enhanced when MAOI was used in combination with immune checkpoint anti-PD-1 treatment ( 24 ). Also, MAO-A promotes tumor-associated macrophages’ immunosuppressive functions via upregulation of oxidative stress which could be regulated by the