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. ( https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.10.3294 ) 58 Rochel N Wurtz JM Mitschler A Klaholz B Moras D . The crystal structure of the nuclear receptor for vitamin D bound to its natural ligand . Molecular Cell 2000 5 173 – 179 . ( https://doi.org/10
School of Nursing, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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expression of IFNγ, IL-17 and IL-21, indicating suppression of inflammatory Th1, Th17 cells, and follicular B helper T cells (Thf) ( 47 ). While all of these cells play an important role in facilitating active adaptive immune responses to a pathogenic
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Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany
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, identified by characteristic cell structures. Asprosin immunoreactivity was mainly detected in endothelial cells of fetal blood vessels, both in the villous parenchyma as well as in the chorion ( Fig. 4B Villous parenchyma, Chorion; black arrows). Also, the
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roles of Wnt antagonists Dkk1 and sFRP4 during adipogenesis of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells . Cell Proliferation 2008 41 859 – 874 . ( https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00565.x ) 23 Gustafson B & Smith U . The WNT
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stimulation. Insulin binds to the insulin receptor (IRS1) and activates tyrosine phosphorylation and then protein kinase B (AKT). Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) is translocated from the intracellular space to the cell membrane. GLUT4 integrates into the
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( 36 ) and further lead to decreased expression of the FGF23 gene. Previous in vitro studies have proven that VDR and CYP27B1 are expressed in several innate and adaptive immune cells, which enables immune cells to synthesize active vitamin D
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neutrophils following G-CSF administration in mice results in osteolineage cell apoptosis and mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells . Leukemia 2012 26 2375 – 2383 . ( https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2012.117 ) 10 Hu B Yang XR Xu Y Sun
PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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CIC INSERM 1411, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS UMR 5203/INSERM U661/Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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CIC INSERM 1411, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Département de Biochimie, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Département d’Urgence et Post-Urgence Psychiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Département d’Urgence et Post-Urgence Psychiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Département Endocrinologie, Nutrition, Diabète, Equipe Nutrition, Diabète, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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.421). No significant difference was observed between groups for irisin levels ( P = 0.96; Cohen’s d = 0.101). Figure 1 Myokine levels in controls (CON) and in patients with anorexia nervosa (An). (A) Irisin, (B) follistatinand (C) myostatin. Data
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process. Initially, osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into OB as a consequence of molecular stimuli such as IGF1 and 2, the canonical Wnt/b-catenin pathway, Wnt10b, TGFb and/or BMP2/4/7 that modulate the expression of key osteogenic genes such as RUNX2
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University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT TIROL), Tirol, Austria
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Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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human and animal in vitro studies have shown that vitamin D can modulate skeletal muscle cell function ( 7 ). Muscle tissue expresses vitamin D receptors, and two biological pathways have been identified through which 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH