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Peiwen Wu Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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Dongjie He Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Hao Chang Department of Radiation Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Xiaozhi Zhang Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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those of G4 disease (5-year: AAPC, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.14–0.94; 10-year: AAPC, 0.32; 95% CI, −0.62–1.28). Multivariable analysis of OS Next, we performed a multivariate analysis to further explore the independent prognostic risk factors ( Fig. 6

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Luca Giovanella Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

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Maria Luisa Garo Mathsly Research, Brescia and Vibo Valentia, Italy

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Domenico Albano Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy

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Rainer Görges Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany

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Luca Ceriani Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland

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  = 127) (2.38 (95% CI: 1.71; 3.30; test of 𝜗: z = 5.16, P   < 0.001; test of homogeneity: Q = 𝜒 2 (4) = 2.49, P   = 0.65; I 2  = 0.00%) ( Fig. 5 ). Risk ratio of patients with Tg-DT < 1 year showed no significantly changes after subgroup analysis

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Jiaxin Luo Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Weili Yin Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Qiuxia Lin The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Juqing Wu Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Pan Chen Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Yuanna Ling Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Jing Wang Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Zhen Li Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Liqin Pan Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Yanying Chen Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Wei Ouyang Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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Huijuan Feng Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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.602–83.398 months), and the 3- and 5-year LPFS probabilities were 57.8 and 45.1%, respectively ( Fig. 2 ). Log-rank analysis ( Fig. 3 and Table 5 ) showed that the impacts of the following six variables on LPFS were statistically significant: bone metastasis as

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Nikolaos Kyriakakis Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Marilena Giannoudi Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Satish S Kumar Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Khyatisha Seejore Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Georgios K Dimitriadis Department of Endocrinology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK

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Harpal Randeva Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK

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Adam Glaser Pediatric Oncology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK

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Michelle Kwok-Williams Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Georgina Gerrard Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Carmel Loughrey Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Ahmed Al-Qaissi Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Ramzi Ajjan Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Julie Lynch Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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malignant brain tumours before the age of 15 years ( 1 ). Not dissimilar outcomes are observed in teenage and young adults (15–40 years), in whom 5-year survival approaches 68%. In contrast, considerably lower 5-year survival rates of up to 20% are observed

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Josephina G Kuiper PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, AE Utrecht, Netherlands
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Aline C Fenneman Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Anne H van der Spek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Elena Rampanelli Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Max Nieuwdorp Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Myrthe P P van Herk-Sukel Department of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

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Valery E P P Lemmens Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, Netherlands

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Ernst J Kuipers Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Ron M C Herings PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, AE Utrecht, Netherlands
Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Eric Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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, and differentiation ( 3 ). Alterations in TH bioavailability have been implicated in the development of several forms of cancer, including basal cell carcinomas ( 4 ), lung cancer ( 5 , 6 ), and colorectal cancer (CRC) ( 7 ). CRC is one of the world

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J Gebauer Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck and Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany

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R Skinner Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology and Oncology and Children’s BMT Unit, Great North Children’s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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R Haupt DOPO Clinic, Department of Hematology/Oncolgy, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy

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L Kremer Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Amsterdam UMC, Emma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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H van der Pal Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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G Michel Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Luzern, Switzerland

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G T Armstrong Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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M M Hudson Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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L Hjorth Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden

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H Lehnert Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

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T Langer Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany

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. Figure 1 Changes in 5-year relative survival (in %, y-axis) for childhood cancer patients (age: 0–14 years) with different cancer entities (x-axis) between 1975 and 2012 (data from ( 1 )). Despite the advances in cancer treatment, many long

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Judith Gebauer Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany

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Claire E Higham Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK

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In 2020, there were 19.3 million new cancer cases diagnosed globally ( 1 , 2 ), and numbers continue to rise. During the last few decades, cancer survival has improved considerably; in the 1960s, children had a 5-year cancer survival rate of

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Margarida Brito Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal

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Susana Prazeres Department of Clinical Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal

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Marta Malheiros Department of Clinical Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal

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in postmenopausal patients ( 3 ). Yet, the recent positive results from the trials PALOMA 3 ( 4 ) and MONARCH 2 ( 5 ) in the ABC premenopausal groups ER+ HER2− have come to support its generalized use in these patients in association with CDK4

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Carole Morin Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Oncologie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Keo-Morakort Benedetto Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Oncologie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Agathe Deville Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Médecine Nucléaire, Bron, France
Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR Inserm 1052 CNRS 5286, Lyon Cedex 08, France

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Laurent Milot Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Radiologie, Lyon Cedex 03, France
University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France

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Aurélie Theillaumas Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Oncologie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Valérie Hervieu Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR Inserm 1052 CNRS 5286, Lyon Cedex 08, France
University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut de Pathologie Est, Bron Cedex, France

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Mathieu Pioche University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Gastroentérologie, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Gilles Poncet Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR Inserm 1052 CNRS 5286, Lyon Cedex 08, France
University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Chirurgie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Julien Forestier Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Oncologie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Laurent François Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Exploration Fonctionnelle, Bron Cedex, France

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Francoise Borson-Chazot University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Endocrinologie, Bron Cedex, France

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Mustapha Adham University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Chirurgie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Catherine Lombard-Bohas Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Oncologie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France

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Thomas Walter Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Oncologie Digestive, Lyon Cedex 03, France
Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR Inserm 1052 CNRS 5286, Lyon Cedex 08, France
University of Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France

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.3)  Second year 304 (49.4) 83 (48.8) 221 (49.7) Median age in years (IQR) 63 (52–72) 63 (51–70) 63 (52–73) 0.21 Female, n (%) 264 (42.5) 65 (39.2) 199 (43.7) 0.60 Place of residence, n (%) 0

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Mark J C van Treijen Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Catharina M Korse Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Wieke H Verbeek Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Gastroenterology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Margot E T Tesselaar Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Gerlof D Valk Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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time to progression was 24.5 (range: 0–62) months. In 12 patients, a NETest score in the year prior to PD (median time between sample and progression: 1.5 months) was available. The median NETest score was 80 (range: 13–93) with 10/12 (83%) NETest

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