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Qing Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Li Yong Zhang Department of Thyroid Surgery, Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Mei Feng Dai Department of Clinical Lab, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Zhen Li Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Chao Chun Zou Department of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

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Hui Liu Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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adipocytes has not been elucidated. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main organelle responsible for the synthesis, processing, and secretion of proteins, as well as the metabolism of lipids and glucose. Extensive studies have shown that ER stress is

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0302
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 8
Open access
Waleed K W Al-Badri Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Hinke Marijke Jellema Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Arnaud R G G Potvin Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Ruth M A van Nispen Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Peter H Bisschop Department of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Peerooz Saeed Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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thyrotoxicosis ( 33 , 54 , 56 , 57 ) The role of stress in the onset of GD Many studies have been conducted on the influence of psychological stress on the onset of GD. Retrospective studies found that GD patients reported more negative life

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0259
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 9
Open access
Katica Bajuk Studen Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Simona Gaberšček Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Edvard Pirnat Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Nataša Bedernjak Bajuk Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Andreja Vendramin Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Vito Majcen Department of Nuclear Medicine, SB Celje, Celje, Slovenia

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Katja Zaletel Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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life threatening if left untreated upon acute stress ( 13 ). Administration of exogenous CS, even in small doses for only a few days, leads to a measurable suppression of the HPA axis resulting in the inability of the adrenal cortex to secrete

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0054
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access
Aglaia Kyrilli Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.) - Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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Bernard Corvilain Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.) - Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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Sofie Bliddal Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Hvidovre Hospital), Hvidovre, Denmark

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Dorthe Hansen Precht Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
Carelink Nærhospital, Roskilde, Denmark

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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Research, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Kris Poppe Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium
Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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longitudinal cohort of pregnant women attending prenatal care at Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Denmark, from August 1996 to May 1997. A total of 1605 women participating in a pregnancy and stress factors project, filled in a health

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0151
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 9
Open access
Danzhou Fang Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Shiying Li Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Changgu Zhou Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Yirui Wang Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Gengbiao Yuan Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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HuiHui Zhang Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Maohua Rao Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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controlling hyperthyroidism generally yields improvements in cholestasis symptoms ( 24 ). Different severities of hyperthyroidism may impact these mechanisms in various ways. More severe hyperthyroidism could exacerbate metabolic stress, leading to greater

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0330
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 11
Open access
Ayanthi Wijewardene Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Matti Gild Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Lyndal Tacon Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Venessa Tsang Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Anthony J Gill Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Australia

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Anthony Robert Glover Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Endocrine Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Mark Sywak Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Endocrine Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Stan Sidhu Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Endocrine Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Bruce Robinson Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Paul Roach Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Geoffrey Schembri Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Jeremy Hoang Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Roderick Clifton-Bligh Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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associated with increased risk of complications ( 6 ). Finally, patients treated with inappropriately low activities of RAI therapy in the presence of high-risk features are at risk of needing a second treatment, which can cause undue stress for patients and

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0299
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 11
Open access
Sophie-Charlotte Drogge Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Mirjam Frank Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Carolin Girschik Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Karl-Heinz Jöckel Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Dagmar Führer-Sakel Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Börge Schmidt Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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-related risk factors, for example, greater exposure to stress, stronger exposure and vulnerability to behavioural risk factors, and have a higher prevalence of different diseases ( 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ). There are indications that adverse environmental

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0127
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Till Ittermann Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Rehman Mehmood Khattak Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar (CU), Peshawar, Pakistan

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Marcello R P Markus Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Jens-Peter Kühn Institute of Radiology, University Hospital, Carl-Gustav-Carus University, Dresden, Germany

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Marie-Luise Kromrey Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Giovanni Targher Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Antje Steveling Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Matthias Nauck Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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Henry Völzke Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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results of our study may stress that not only subclinical hypothyroidism but also hyperthyroidism is associated with increased hepatic fat particularly in obese individuals. However, one has to be cautious with these findings, and our results have to be

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0566
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Simona Censi Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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Laura Salmaso Clinical Governance Unit, Azienda Zero, Veneto Region, Italy

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Filippo Ceccato Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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Jacopo Manso Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy

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Ugo Fedeli Clinical Governance Unit, Azienda Zero, Veneto Region, Italy

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Mario Saia Clinical Governance Unit, Azienda Zero, Veneto Region, Italy

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Caterina Mian Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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). These data are corroborated by population studies showing a reduction in overt hyperthyroidism caused by TMNG in areas in which an effective and long-standing iodine prophylaxis program is running ( 12 , 13 ). It is important to stress that the

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Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0292
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 12
Open access
Giuseppe Lisco Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Anna De Tullio Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Olga Disoteo Diabetology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy

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Giuseppina Piazzolla Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Edoardo Guastamacchia Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Carlo Sabbà Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Vincenzo De Geronimo Unit of Endocrinology, Policlinico Morgagni CCD, Catania, Italy

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Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Rome, Italy

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Vincenzo Triggiani Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of oxidative stress, cell migration, and invasion. More precisely, the saxagliptin-induced overexpression of NRF2 increased the synthesis

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0257
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access