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that can increase the incidence as well as tumor aggressiveness ( 8 , 9 , 10 ). Sexual steroid hormones acting through their receptors regulate signaling pathways related to cell proliferation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, cell
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KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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Introduction Steroid hormones are signaling molecules involved in regulation of electrolyte concentrations, blood pressure, reproductive functions, and metabolism ( 1 ). A lack or an excess of steroids results from enzyme defects, adenomas, or
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an enzyme machinery enabling them for the de novo synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol ( 8 ). Androgenic steroids exhibit a positive gradient from blood to adipose tissue with the precursor androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone as
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Introduction Diurnal variations in the serum concentration of steroid hormones and their metabolism, as assessed by urinary excretion, have long been known for cortisol and testosterone ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Less information exists for the other up
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feedback control of glucocorticoid maintenance and an association with metabolic syndrome (10, 11) . Little is known about steroid hormone availability and metabolism during the early postpartum period in infants. Fetal exposure to maternal cortisol is
Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Department of Chemistry – BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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radioimmunoassay and mass spectrometry . Steroids 2002 67 151 – 158 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/s0039-128x(01)00147-7 ) 2 Paller CJ Shiels MS Rohrmann S Basaria S Rifai N Nelson W Platz EA Dobs A Relationship of sex steroid hormones with
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regulation of precursors of androgens and other steroid hormones within the steroid metabolome encompassing glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and estrogens is largely unknown in PCOS. Although PCOS has frequently been reported in adolescents, the
Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR), Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Department of Endocrinology, Skaraborg Central Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
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Introduction Sex steroid hormones are predominantly produced from cholesterol by the gonads and the adrenal glands. Then, the sex steroids are distributed to target tissues through the circulation. In addition, many tissues and organs
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Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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K.G. Jebsen-Center for Autoimmune Diseases, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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K.G. Jebsen-Center for Autoimmune Diseases, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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(LC–MS/MS) has emerged as the method of choice for determination of steroid hormones. Advantages include its superior specificity compared to immunoassays, the possibility for multiplexing and low sample volume ( 10 ). This enables simultaneous
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Universidad La Salle, Posgrado de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad de México, México
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female reproductive events. Further, ovarian tumors are considered sensitive to sex steroid hormones, as they are mediated by specific androgen, estrogen, and progesterone receptors ( 3 ). Additionally, the steroid hormone receptor shows a particular