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Maurício Martins da Silva Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Lueni Lopes Felix Xavier Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Carlos Frederico Lima Gonçalves Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Ana Paula Santos-Silva Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Francisca Diana Paiva-Melo Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Mariana Lopes de Freitas Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Rodrigo Soares Fortunato Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Leandro Miranda-Alves Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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iodide uptake) reflects iodide transport through the sodium-iodide symporter without the influence of in vivo thyroid iodine organification activity ( 28 ). Thus, in order to evaluate the in vivo NIS function using thyroid radioiodine uptake

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Catarina Tavares Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Maria João Coelho Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal

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Catarina Eloy Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Miguel Melo Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Hospital Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Medical Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

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Adriana Gaspar da Rocha Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Public Health Unit, ACeS Baixo Mondego, Coimbra, Portugal

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Ana Pestana Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Rui Batista Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Luciana Bueno Ferreira Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Elisabete Rios Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Hospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal

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Samia Selmi-Ruby Inserm UMR-S1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France

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Bruno Cavadas Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal

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Luísa Pereira Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Manuel Sobrinho Simões Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Hospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal

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Paula Soares Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Introduction Sodium iodide symporter is a transmembrane glycoprotein (codified by the SLC5A5 gene) expressed almost exclusively in the basolateral plasma membrane of thyroid follicular cells. It plays a central role in thyroid metabolism

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Leqi He Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoying Li Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Zaoping Chen Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Wei Wang Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Kai Wang Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xinmei Huang Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Qian Yang Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Wencai Ke Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jun Liu Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bingbing Zha Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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and down-regulates the sodium/iodide symporter gene in Frtl-5 cells . Endocrinology 1999 140 5705 – 5711 . ( https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.140.12.7197 ) 6 Kovacs K Vasarhelyi B Gyarmati B Karvaly G . Estrogen metabolism during pregnancy

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Qian Yang Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Wencai Ke Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Fanfan Pan Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xinmei Huang Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jun Liu Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bingbing Zha Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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multiple proteins such as thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (TG), and sodium iodide symporter (NIS) ( 2 , 3 ). NIS is a key protein that mediates active iodine uptake in the thyroid follicular epithelial cells. This procedure is the first critical

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Jan Calissendorff Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Henrik Falhammar Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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thyroid sodium/iodide symporter activity, causing a decrease in intrathyroid iodide concentration ( 7 ). Thus, there is a therapeutic window between achieved euthyroidism and an escape phenomenon, illustrated by a patient treated with iodine for more than

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J Brossaud Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Bordeaux, France
Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France

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V Pallet Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Bordeaux, France
INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France

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J-B Corcuff Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Bordeaux, France
Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR1286, Bordeaux, France

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iodide into the thyrocytes via the sodium–iodide symporter (NIS), its transport through the cell with pendrin to thyroglobulin (Tg) in the lumen. Iodide oxidation and organification are catalysed by thyroperoxidase (TPO) with H 2 O 2 produced by a dual

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Caroline Serrano-Nascimento Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rafael Barrera Salgueiro Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Kaio Fernando Vitzel Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Thiago Pantaleão Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Vânia Maria Corrêa da Costa Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Maria Tereza Nunes Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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is actively transported into thyrocytes through the activity of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) ( 4 ). In the lumen, iodide is oxidized to iodine and incorporated into the tyrosine residues of the thyroglobulin (TG) molecules by the activity of the

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Laszlo Samson Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Ildiko Hircsu Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Monika Katko Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Miklos Bodor Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Annamaria Gazdag Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Andrea Anett Gazso Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Bela Kovacs Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Janos Posta Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Eszter Balogh Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Peter Mocsary Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Harjit Pal Bhattoa Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Endre V Nagy Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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( 18 ). Thiocyanate inhibits the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), which is responsible for the active uptake of iodide by the thyroid, the gastrointestinal tract, the placenta and the lactating mammary glands ( 19 ). Thiocyanate accumulates in the blood

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M L Gild Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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M Bullock Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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C K Pon Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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B G Robinson Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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R J Clifton-Bligh Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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-AAG reduced papillary thyroid cancer 1 (PTC1) expression levels and increased radioiodine accumulation in PCCL3 thyroid cells where PTC1 was induced by doxycycline (14) . This was determined to be independent of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and

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Jeonghoon Ha Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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Jeongmin Lee Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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Kwanhoon Jo Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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Dong-Jun Lim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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Moo Il Kang Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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Bong Yun Cha Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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Min-Hee Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

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demonstrated to have effects on thyroidal iodine uptake and TPO activity in animal models ( 31 ). Previous studies suggested that oestradiol might regulate iodide uptake via its action on the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and TPO, proteins that play important

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