M Cherenko
M Cherenko
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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N M Appelman-Dijkstra
N M Appelman-Dijkstra
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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A L Priego Zurita
A L Priego Zurita
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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N R Biermasz
N R Biermasz
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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O M Dekkers
O M Dekkers
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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F A Klok
F A Klok
Department of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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N Reisch
N Reisch
Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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A Aulinas
A Aulinas
Department of Endocrinology, Fundacio de Gestio Sanitaria Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IR-SantPau and CIBERER Unit 747 (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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B Biagetti
B Biagetti
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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S Cannavo
S Cannavo
Endocrine Unit, University Hospital AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
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L Canu
L Canu
University Hospital Florence Careggi, Florence, Italy
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M Detomas
M Detomas
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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F Devuyst
F Devuyst
Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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H Falhammar
H Falhammar
Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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R A Feelders
R A Feelders
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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F Ferrau
F Ferrau
Endocrine Unit, University Hospital AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
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F Gatto
F Gatto
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Genoa, Italy
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C Grasselli
C Grasselli
Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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P van Houten
P van Houten
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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C Hoybye
C Hoybye
Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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A M Isidori
A M Isidori
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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A Kyrilli
A Kyrilli
Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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P Loli
P Loli
Division of Endocrinology, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Milan, Italy
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D Maiter
D Maiter
Department of Endocrinology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc – UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
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E Nowak
E Nowak
Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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R Pivonello
R Pivonello
Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia, Andrologia e Nutrizione, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
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O Ragnarsson
O Ragnarsson
Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine (O.R.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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R V Steenaard
R V Steenaard
Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima MC, Veldhoven, Netherlands
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N Unger
N Unger
University Hospital Essen, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Essen, Germany
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A van de Ven
A van de Ven
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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S M Webb
S M Webb
Department of Endocrinology, Fundacio de Gestio Sanitaria Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IR-SantPau and CIBERER Unit 747 (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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D Yeste
D Yeste
Pediatric Endocrinology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. CIBER Enfermedades Raras, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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S F Ahmed
S F Ahmed
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
University of Glasgow, Office for Rare Conditions, Glasgow, UK
University of Glasgow, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
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University of Glasgow, Office for Rare Conditions, Glasgow, UK
University of Glasgow, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
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A M Pereira
A M Pereira
Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
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opportunity for all patients, healthcare professionals, and researchers to participate and use high-quality, patient-centered registries for these rare conditions. The two platforms of the EuRRECa project encompass the Core registry, which collects a common
Hanna F Nowotny
Hanna F Nowotny
Medizinische Klinik IV, Department of Endocrinology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Jillian Bryce
Jillian Bryce
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Salma R Ali
Salma R Ali
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Roberta Giordano
Roberta Giordano
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Federico Baronio
Federico Baronio
Pediatric Unit, Department Hospital of Woman and Child, Endo-ERN Centre IT11, IRCSS AOU S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Irina Chifu
Irina Chifu
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Lea Tschaidse
Lea Tschaidse
Medizinische Klinik IV, Department of Endocrinology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Martine Cools
Martine Cools
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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Erica LT van den Akker
Erica LT van den Akker
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Henrik Falhammar
Henrik Falhammar
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra
Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Luca Persani
Luca Persani
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan Italy
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Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan Italy
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Guglielmo Beccuti
Guglielmo Beccuti
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Ian L Ross
Ian L Ross
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg
Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg
Neuroendocrine Tumor Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hadassah Medical Organisation and Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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Alberto M Pereira
Alberto M Pereira
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Eystein S Husebye
Eystein S Husebye
Department of Clinical Science and KG Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Stefanie Hahner
Stefanie Hahner
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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S Faisal Ahmed
S Faisal Ahmed
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Nicole Reisch
Nicole Reisch
Medizinische Klinik IV, Department of Endocrinology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Background
Information on clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection in patients with adrenal disorders is scarce.
Methods
A collaboration between the European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) Rare Disease Committee and European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions via the European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions allowed the collection of data on 64 cases (57 adrenal insufficiency (AI), 7 Cushing’s syndrome) that had been reported by 12 centres in 8 European countries between January 2020 and December 2021.
Results
Of all 64 patients, 23 were males and 41 females (13 of those children) with a median age of 37 and 51 years. In 45/57 (95%) AI cases, COVID-19 infection was confirmed by testing. Primary insufficiency was present in 45/57 patients; 19 were affected by Addison’s disease, 19 by congenital adrenal hyperplasia and 7 by primary AI (PAI) due to other causes. The most relevant comorbidities were hypertension (12%), obesity (n = 14%) and diabetes mellitus (9%). An increase by a median of 2.0 (IQR 1.4) times the daily replacement dose was reported in 42 (74%) patients. Two patients were administered i.m. injection of 100 mg hydrocortisone, and 11/64 were admitted to the hospital. Two patients had to be transferred to the intensive care unit, one with a fatal outcome. Four patients reported persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, all others complete remission.
Conclusion
This European multicentre questionnaire is the first to collect data on the outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients with adrenal gland disorders. It suggests good clinical outcomes in case of duly dose adjustments and emphasizes the importance of patient education on sick day rules.
