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David S McLaren Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Aarani Devi Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Nikolaos Kyriakakis Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Michelle Kwok-Williams Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Although potentially lifesaving, these interventions often come with their own adverse sequelae that occur both acutely and after a variable duration of time, in some cases decades, following completion of

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0490
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 9
Open access
Izabelle Lövgren Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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Azadeh Abravan Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Abigail Bryce-Atkinson Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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Marcel van Herk Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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proton-beam RT. Table 2 Recent publications on the effects of radiotherapy on the HP axis in paediatric patients. Study Measured outcome Population n Age at treatment RT treatment Radiation dose Follow-up period

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0298
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access
Ichelle Maa van Roessel Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Boudewijn Bakker Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Hanneke M van Santen Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Wassim Chemaitilly Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UPMC Children’s Hospitalof Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

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. Safety of growth hormone replacement GH deficiency is among the most frequently reported endocrine complications in children treated for brain tumors and CCS with a history of tumor, surgery, or radiotherapy involving the hypothalamic–pituitary region

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0382
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 1
Open access
Mette Marie Baunsgaard Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Louise Tram Henriksen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Torben Stamm Mikkelsen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Michael Callesen Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Funen, Denmark

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Britta Weber The Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Henrik Hasle Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Niels Birkebæk Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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last 5 decades ( 3 , 4 ), due to treatment improvements with targeted cranial radiotherapy (CR) in combination with chemotherapy and improved surgery techniques ( 5 ). The overall 5-year survival rate is now approaching 83% in the Nordic countries ( 6

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0365
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Antonella Giampietro Pituitary Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione A Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

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Sabrina Chiloiro Pituitary Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione A Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

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Claudio Urbani Endocrinology II Unit, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy

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Rosario Pivonello Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Sezione Di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy

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Martin Ove Carlsson Global Medical Affairs, Pfizer Rare Disease, Brussels, Belgium

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Francesca Dassie Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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Nunzia Prencipe Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

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Marta Ragonese Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

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Roy Gomez Global Medical Affairs, Pfizer Rare Disease, Brussels, Belgium

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Simona Granato Medical Department, Pfizer Italia, Rome, Italy

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Salvatore Cannavò Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

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Silvia Grottoli Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

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Pietro Maffei Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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Annamaria Colao Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Sezione Di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy

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Fausto Bogazzi Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Antonio Bianchi Pituitary Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione A Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

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(GH)-secreting pituitary tumor that increases GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) secretion ( 2 ). The primary aim of the treatment – through neurosurgery, radiotherapy or pharmacological therapy – is to achieve disease control by normalizing

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0247
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Open access
Dan Liang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Han Chen Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Li-Yong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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response to chemotherapy or radiotherapy; (ii) the pre-treatment brain images indicating a sellar lesion; and (iii) the completion of the multidisciplinary treatment for iGCT. The exclusion criteria were (i) a history of chromosomal abnormalities or other

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0168
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 8
Open access
Stefan M Constantinescu Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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Thierry Duprez Department of Radiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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Edward Fomekong Department of Neurosurgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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Christian Raftopoulos Department of Neurosurgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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Orsalia Alexopoulou Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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Dominique Maiter Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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treated with conventional fractionated radiotherapy because of contraindications to surgery. The six other patients elected to remain under surveillance because the growth was moderate (mean of 4 mm during the follow-up period) and did not provoke any new

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0224
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 12
Open access
Nelma Veronica Marques Neuroendocrinology Research Center, Endocrinology Section, Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Luiz Eduardo Armondi Wildemberg Neuroendocrinology Research Center, Endocrinology Section, Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Monica R Gadelha Neuroendocrinology Research Center, Endocrinology Section, Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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without achieving biochemical control. Table 1 Patient demographics at baseline. Patient number Age at diagnosis, years Gender Diabetic at baseline a Prior surgery Prior radiotherapy Treatment prior to pasireotide IGF1 prior

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0155
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 10
Open access
I M A A van Roessel Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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J E Gorter Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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B Bakker Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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M H Lequin Department of Radiology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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J van der Lugt Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands

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L Meijer Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands

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A Y N Schouten-van Meeteren Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands

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H M van Santen Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Princess Máxima Center, Heidelberglaan, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG) recommends screening of bone problems in all CCS treated with cranial radiotherapy ( 2 ). For children with LGG, rarely treated with radiotherapy, there is no surveillance protocol for bone

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0224
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 10
Open access
Nidan Qiao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Haixia Cheng Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Zhaoyun Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Hongying Ye Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Ming Shen Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Xuefei Shou Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoyun Cao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Hong Chen Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Xiang Zhou Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Yongfei Wang Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Yao Zhao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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PPTs were submitted to postoperative radiation ( 8 ). Some patients showed a stable response, whereas others had progression of tumor size after radiotherapy. In our series, only one patient was exposed to radiotherapy due to an enlarged tumor during

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0188
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access