Search for other papers by Magdalene K Montgomery in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nigel Turner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Butte AJ Crunkhorn S Cusi K Berria R Kashyap S Miyazaki Y Kohane I Costello M Saccone R . Coordinated reduction of genes of oxidative metabolism in humans with insulin resistance and diabetes: potential role of PGC1 and NRF1
Search for other papers by Qing Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Li Yong Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mei Feng Dai in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Zhen Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Chao Chun Zou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hui Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
hypothyroidism have a high risk for insulin resistance-associated disorders, such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease ( 1 , 2 ). Moreover, independent of other variables, a significant positive association exists between TSH levels and insulin
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Search for other papers by Shenglong Le in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Leiting Xu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Search for other papers by Moritz Schumann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Search for other papers by Na Wu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Timo Törmäkangas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Markku Alén in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Search for other papers by Sulin Cheng in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Search for other papers by Petri Wiklund in
Google Scholar
PubMed
substantially during puberty ( 6 , 7 ). Along these lines, low serum SHBG level has been associated with increased adiposity and insulin resistance in children and adolescents ( 3 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ); therefore, it has been hypothesized that SHBG
Search for other papers by Róża Aleksandrowicz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marek Strączkowski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
muscle to insulin, defined as insulin resistance (IR), contribute to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases. Skeletal muscle insulin action is decreased in prediabetes and T2DM, but it also may be largely
Search for other papers by Myrian Velasco in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rosa Isela Ortiz-Huidobro in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Carlos Larqué in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yuriko Itzel Sánchez-Zamora in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by José Romo-Yáñez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marcia Hiriart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
central obesity (based on the waist circumference), dyslipidemia (decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or hypertriglyceridemia), hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, and insulin resistance ( 5 ). MS diagnosis involves the presence
Search for other papers by Kristin Ottarsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Margareta Hellgren in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by David Bock in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Search for other papers by Anna G Nilsson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bledar Daka in
Google Scholar
PubMed
different cohorts including men and women, respectively, suggesting a causal effect. The mechanism behind the association between SHGB and type 2 diabetes is not fully understood, but may be mediated through insulin resistance ( 5 ). In a meta
Search for other papers by Kristin Ottarsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Search for other papers by Anna G Nilsson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Margareta Hellgren in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ulf Lindblad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bledar Daka in
Google Scholar
PubMed
( 10 ). On the other hand, low testosterone levels increase the accumulation of visceral body fat, which increases insulin resistance. This is illustrated by the fact that body fat increases in men with prostate cancer undergoing treatment resulting in
Search for other papers by Frederique Van de Velde in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marlies Bekaert in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anja Geerts in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anne Hoorens in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Arsène-Hélène Batens in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Samyah Shadid in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
Search for other papers by Margriet Ouwens in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yves Van Nieuwenhove in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bruno Lapauw in
Google Scholar
PubMed
methods are NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) and Steatosis, Activity, and Fibrosis (SAF) score ( 3 ). Importantly, patients with obesity who develop NAFLD are also more prone to develop other metabolic consequences of obesity such as insulin resistance (IR
Search for other papers by Stavroula A Paschou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eleni Palioura in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dimitrios Ioannidis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Panagiotis Anagnostis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Argyro Panagiotakou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vasiliki Loi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Georgios Karageorgos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dimitrios G Goulis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Andromachi Vryonidou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism ( 1 ). It is often accompanied by insulin resistance ( 2 ) and abnormal lipid profile ( 3 , 4 ). Several studies have shown that
Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Search for other papers by Krzysztof C Lewandowski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Justyna Płusajska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Wojciech Horzelski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ewa Bieniek in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Search for other papers by Andrzej Lewiński in
Google Scholar
PubMed
out. Though it is widely accepted that PCOS is characterised by insulin resistance ( 4 ), there is no consensus, either regarding the best method of assessment of insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS, nor in terms of the utility of such assessment for