Bushra Shahida
Bushra Shahida
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Tereza Planck
Tereza Planck
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Tania Singh
Tania Singh
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Peter Åsman
Peter Åsman
Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Ophthalmology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Mikael Lantz
Mikael Lantz
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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, and dietary iodine are associated with the development of GD ( 2 ). GD stands as a multifaceted autoimmune disorder, with thyroid gland inflammation marked by the infiltration of mononuclear cells. This infiltration notably comprises T lymphocytes and
Xiao-Shan Huang
Xiao-Shan Huang
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Ning Dai
Ning Dai
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Jian-Xia Xu
Jian-Xia Xu
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Jun-Yi Xiang
Jun-Yi Xiang
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Xiao-Zhong Zheng
Xiao-Zhong Zheng
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Tian-Yu Ke
Tian-Yu Ke
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Lin-Ying Ma
Lin-Ying Ma
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Qi-Hao Shi
Qi-Hao Shi
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Shu-Feng Fan
Shu-Feng Fan
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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hypothyroidism ( 1 ). In the majority of cases, the onset of HT is insidious, and thyroid hormone levels typically remain within the normal range until inflammation progresses to hypothyroidism, revealing initial symptoms ( 2 ). Fundamentally, HT is an
Ru-Xuan Zhao
Ru-Xuan Zhao
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ting-Ting Shi
Ting-Ting Shi
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Sha Luo
Sha Luo
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Yun-Fu Liu
Yun-Fu Liu
Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhong Xin
Zhong Xin
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jin-Kui Yang
Jin-Kui Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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GO patients exhibit inflammation attributable to both autoimmune and inflammatory sources ( 10 , 11 ). Lacrimal gland acinar cells can express thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors ( 12 ) and exhibit multifocal infiltration by lymphocytes as well as
Xiaowen Zhang
Xiaowen Zhang
Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Chen Han
Chen Han
Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Hongwei Wang
Hongwei Wang
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Xinghong Sun
Xinghong Sun
Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Xin Dou
Xin Dou
Department of Radiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Xueying He
Xueying He
Department of Radiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Di Wu
Di Wu
Department of Radiology, Southeast University Medical School Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Shanmei Shen
Shanmei Shen
Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Dalong Zhu
Dalong Zhu
Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Xinlin Zhang
Xinlin Zhang
Department of Cardiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Yan Bi
Yan Bi
Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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indicator of systemic inflammation. NLR has been reported to be associated with clinical prognosis in multiple disease contexts, including thyroid diseases ( 8 , 9 ). NLR predicts relapse in GD patients following antithyroid drug therapy ( 10 ) and disease
Hyunjae Lee
Hyunjae Lee
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tae-Shin Kim
Tae-Shin Kim
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ja-Yoon Gu
Ja-Yoon Gu
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Mi Ran Yu
Mi Ran Yu
Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Seung-Eun Lee
Seung-Eun Lee
Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Eun Sook Kim
Eun Sook Kim
Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Hyun Kyung Kim
Hyun Kyung Kim
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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regarding interpretation of their results have also been well recognized ( 6 ). Inflammation is a fundamental feature of cancer and a number of studies have reported on its implications in thyroid cancer ( 7 ). Neutrophils have critical functions in the
Qing Zhou
Qing Zhou
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Li Yong Zhang
Li Yong Zhang
Department of Thyroid Surgery, Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Mei Feng Dai
Mei Feng Dai
Department of Clinical Lab, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Zhen Li
Zhen Li
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Chao Chun Zou
Chao Chun Zou
Department of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Hui Liu
Hui Liu
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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TNF-α and IL-6 release in 3T3-L1 adipocytes Chronic low-grade inflammation plays a major role in the development of insulin resistance. Our previous study found that TNF-α induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells through activating the IRS-1/AKT
Fei Wu
Fei Wu
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yancheng City No. 1 People’s Hospital, Yancheng, China
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Chaoming Mao
Chaoming Mao
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Xiao Mou
Xiao Mou
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Chengcheng Xu
Chengcheng Xu
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Tingting Zheng
Tingting Zheng
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Ling Bu
Ling Bu
Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China
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Xuan Luo
Xuan Luo
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Qingyan Lu
Qingyan Lu
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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Xuefeng Wang
Xuefeng Wang
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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, and other cytokines). However, the pathogenesis of HT is still not fully clear. One of the histopathological hallmarks of HT is lymphocyte infiltration into the thyroid gland. The recruitment of these lymphocytes into the site of inflammation is a
Jakub Supronik
Jakub Supronik
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Małgorzata Szelachowska
Małgorzata Szelachowska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Adam Kretowski
Adam Kretowski
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Katarzyna Siewko
Katarzyna Siewko
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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phase when the inflammation is ongoing but not progressive, and lastly an inactive phase ( 6 ). There are several known risk factors of severe course of the disease, including male sex, smoking, thyroid dysfunction, treatment with radioiodine, high
Zhengrong Jiang
Zhengrong Jiang
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Linghong Huang
Linghong Huang
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Lijun Chen
Lijun Chen
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Jingxiong Zhou
Jingxiong Zhou
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Bo Liang
Bo Liang
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Xuefeng Bai
Xuefeng Bai
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Lizhen Wu
Lizhen Wu
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Huibin Huang
Huibin Huang
Department of Endocrinology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Martínez M Landskron G Olivares-Morales M Cidlowski JA Xu X Inhibition of miR-378a-3p by inflammation enhances IL-33 levels: A novel mechanism of alarmin modulation in ulcerative colitis . Frontiers in Immunology 2019 10 2449. ( https
Xiaoya Zheng
Xiaoya Zheng
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Heng Xiao
Heng Xiao
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Jian Long
Jian Long
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Qiang Wei
Qiang Wei
Prevention of Disease Department, Chongqing Jiulongpo District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Liping Liu
Liping Liu
Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liping Zan
Liping Zan
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wei Ren
Wei Ren
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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-up, most nodules were still categorized as category 3. The increased classification of thyroid nodules during PD-1 therapy may be related to the unclear margins and irregular shape of nodules caused by inflammation. As one study said, thyroiditis
