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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased fracture risk ( 1 , 2 , 3 ), which has aroused great concern. One of the most commonly used indicators to assess fracture risk is the bone mineral density (BMD
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Introduction Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by decrease in bone mass and damage to the microstructure of bone tissue, resulting in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture ( 1 ). Pain due to osteoporosis
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Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Department of Renal Medicine, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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in their CVOTs, HF or kidney RCTs, making it unlikely that there is any drug class risk. Bone fractures Bone fractures are a common and serious condition in older adults. Treatment of adults PPAR gamma agonists (e.g. pioglitazone) is
Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Northwell, Great Neck, New York, USA
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Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne Australia
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Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
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(Hologic Inc., Bedford, MA, USA) in the supine position for prevalent vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) at 0, 6 and 12 and 24 months. The use of low-dose DXA lateral spine imaging with DXA has been shown to strongly correlate with standard radiography in
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. Epidemiological surveys have shown that ( 47 ) approximately 50–66% of patients will be complicated with osteopenia, and approximately 33% of patients will develop osteoporosis among diabetic patients. DOP is the main cause of fragility fractures and trabecular