Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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Faculty of Health Science, Bukkyo University, Kyoto, Japan
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gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/gonadotropin pulse generator regulating gametogenesis and steroidogenesis in male and female mammals ( 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ). Environmental stresses during development periods such as prenatal androgen excess ( 28
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and kiss2 are increased in the female brain but suppressed in the male brain ( 11 ). In zebrafish, kiss1 is mainly expressed in the habenula (vHb) and kiss2 signals are distributed in the dorsal zone (Hd), the posterior tuberal nucleus (nPT), and
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de psychopathologie du développement, Bron, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre de biologie et pathologie Est, Service d’hormonologie, d’endocrinologie moléculaire et des maladies rares, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre de biologie et pathologie Est, Service d’hormonologie, d’endocrinologie moléculaire et des maladies rares, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service Endocrinologie Moléculaire et Maladies Rares, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de chirurgie Uro-viscérale et de Transplantation de l’Enfant, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Service d’endocrinologie, Bron, France
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Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares du développement génital du fœtus à l’adulte DEV-GEN, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares du développement génital du fœtus à l’adulte DEV-GEN, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de chirurgie Uro-viscérale et de Transplantation de l’Enfant, Bron, France
Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de chirurgie Uro-viscérale et de Transplantation de l’Enfant, Bron, France
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Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares du développement génital du fœtus à l’adulte DEV-GEN, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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deficiency (HSD17B3). These two rare autosomal recessive conditions display a great heterogeneity at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). Clinical presentations of external genitalia at birth range from a female appearance
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). The Leydig cell also produces insulin-like factor 3, an important component acting in concert with testosterone to promote testicular descent ( 21 ). The female fetus lacks AMH, permitting the Müllerian structures to remain, and lacks the
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controls ( 16 , 17 ), further suggesting a role of peripheral kisspeptins in initiating puberty in females. However, Zhu et al . ( 15 ) found a marked increase in serum concentrations from the first stages of puberty in boys, but not in girls, in whom
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). Physical anomalies are reported in more than half of individuals with FA. Both males and females with FA have high rates of hypogonadism and infertility ( 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). DC is the prototype telomere biology disorder (TBD) caused by germline
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Introduction Thyroid disorders are common endocrine disorders with a female predominance. In the reproductive age span, the disorders are mainly of autoimmune origin with hyperthyroidism being part of Graves’ disease (GD) ( 1 ), and
EndoERN, APHP Consortium Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
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EndoERN, APHP Consortium Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
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EndoERN, APHP Consortium Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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and reproductive data of a group of 156 female patients referred to a single tertiary department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine (Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France), presenting with GHD. All patients gave their written informed
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Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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-related bias ( 16 ). Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) assesses the domains of sexual function: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain and provides a score regarding sexual function. Total score achievable is 36, a lower FSFI score
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models, vitamin D receptor knockout female mice were unable to reproduce due to defects in uterine development and impaired folliculogenesis ( 6 , 33 ). Conversely, direct injection of 1,25(OH)2D3 into the uterine lumen of female rats increased uterine