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C L Bodinham
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L Smith
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E L Thomas Nutrition, Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Metabolism and Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7WG, UK

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J D Bell Nutrition, Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Metabolism and Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7WG, UK

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J R Swann Nutrition, Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Metabolism and Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7WG, UK

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A Costabile Nutrition, Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Metabolism and Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7WG, UK

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D Russell-Jones
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A M Umpleby
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M D Robertson
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period, participants completed a 7-day food and drink diary and a 7-day bowel habit and symptom diary. Participants attended for three study visits at the end of each intervention: i) a two-step euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp combined with an infusion

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Xingrong Tan Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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Wenjing Hu Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing, China

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Shan Yang Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Han Dai Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Shangcheng Xu Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing, China

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Gangyi Yang Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Ling Li Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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Shiguo Tang Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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Yi Wang Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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impact of high insulin levels on circulating ZAG, irisin, and betatrophin concentrations by the euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC). We also compared the characteristics of each MetS component in the study population. Materials and methods

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Kaisa K Ivaska
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Maikki K Heliövaara Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland

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Pertti Ebeling Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland

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Marco Bucci Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland

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Ville Huovinen Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland

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H Kalervo Väänänen
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Pirjo Nuutila Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland

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Heikki A Koistinen Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland

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employed the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (29) to study whether insulin affects markers of bone remodeling, particularly OC, in humans. A few studies have applied this technique to assess acute insulin-driven changes in bone metabolism (30

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Taísa A R Vicente
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Ívina E S Rocha
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Roberto Salvatori Division of Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, National Research Council, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-100, Brazil

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Carla R P Oliveira
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Rossana M C Pereira
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Anita H O Souza
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Viviane C Campos
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Elenilde G Santos
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Rachel D C Araújo Diniz
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Eugênia H O Valença
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Carlos C Epitácio-Pereira
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Mario C P Oliveira
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Andrea Mari Division of Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, National Research Council, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-100, Brazil

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Manuel H Aguiar-Oliveira
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measurement has an excellent correlation with the euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp (24) , the ‘gold standard’ method to assess IS, used in acquired AOGHD (25) . The increase of IS in the IGHD group may be caused by the marked reduction in GH levels and

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Alessandra Gambineri Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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Carla Pelusi Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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-to-male transsexuals demonstrated that testosterone-ester administration at the dose of 250 mg i.m. every 2 weeks produced a significant increase in visceral adipose tissue and a decrease in insulin sensitivity evaluated by the euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp ( 19

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Antonia Ertelt Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Ann-Kristin Barton Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Robert R Schmitz Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Heidrun Gehlen Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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proliferation and tissue growth and repair, might be another key in the pathogenesis of laminitis (126) . Gene expression for IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor were decreased by 13- to 32-fold during a prolonged euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp test

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Lars Peter Sørensen
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Tina Parkner Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Esben Søndergaard
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Bo Martin Bibby Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Holger Jon Møller Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Søren Nielsen
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euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (26) , which was evident in normal-weight and obese healthy individuals (20, 21, 26) , as well as in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and T2DM (24

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Julia Otten Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Andreas Stomby Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden

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Maria Waling Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Elin Chorell Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Mats Ryberg Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Michael Svensson Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section for Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden

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Jens Juul Holst NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Tommy Olsson Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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. Fasting glucagon levels at baseline were associated with body weight (r S  = 0.56, P < 0.01) and with hepatic insulin sensitivity, measured as suppression of endogenous glucose production during the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, normalized by

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Jakob Høgild Langdahl Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Southwest Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark

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Anja Lisbeth Frederiksen Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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John Vissing Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Morten Frost Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Knud Bonnet Yderstræde Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Per Heden Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Southwest Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark

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been shown to be inversely correlated with glucose uptake in the left ventricle of the heart during an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp in m.3243A>G carriers ( 39 ). Furthermore, glycolysis and insulin signaling are suppressed in red fibers of

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Signe Frøssing Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Malin Nylander Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Caroline Kistorp Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Sven O Skouby Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens Faber Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark

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between MR-proADM levels and BMI or VAT, both at baseline and after weight reduction. With respect to insulin resistance, previous studies are conflicting. During a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp in obese individuals, plasma ADM increased in response

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