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Introduction Brief history of insulin pens and evolution to connected pens Every person with type 1 diabetes requires insulin to live. Many people with type 2 diabetes also require insulin to achieve glycemic targets due to the progressive
Weihai Institute for Bionics, Jilin University, Weihai, China
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College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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.9 Communication topology Fully connected (PSO) After a series of data processing procedures on collected breath samples, 14 sensors with high diabetes screening accuracy were selected for the final device. The performance of the selected sensors in
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was connected with improved glucose tolerance ( 8 ). In human studies, it has been demonstrated that serum fetuin-B was increased in humans with liver steatosis ( 12 ), patients with T2D, women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) ( 13 ), as well
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readiness ( 44 ). Additionally, contradictions and risks connected with pregnancy should be discussed, so that an informed decision could be made by the patient or their parent ( 45 ). Currently, only two well-established FP techniques for TS patients with
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TERT . The latter are suspected to be connected to the disease progression of WDTC and to distinguish PDTCs from ATCs ( 1 ). However, rearrangements are rarely described in PDTC possibly because WDTC expressing RET/PTC hybrid oncogenes will usually not
Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
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Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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changes connected to mitochondrial function unique to obese subjects at the 6-week time point. Materials and methods Materials We analysed the material collected for a 12-week vitamin D intervention trial in obese and normal-weight subjects
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Department of Endocrinology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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The implementation of high-throughput and deep sequencing methods in routine genetic diagnostics has significantly improved the diagnostic yield in patient cohorts with growth disturbances and becomes increasingly important as the prerequisite of personalized medicine. They provide considerable chances to identify even rare and unexpected situations; nevertheless, we must be aware of their limitations. A simple genetic test in the beginning of a testing cascade might also help to identify the genetic cause of specific growth disorders. However, the clinical picture of genetically caused growth disturbance phenotypes can vary widely, and there is a broad clinical overlap between different growth disturbance disorders. As a consequence, the clinical diagnosis and therewith connected the decision on the appropriate genetic test is often a challenge. In fact, the clinician asking for genetic testing has to weigh different aspects in this decision process, including appropriateness (single gene test, stepwise procedure, comprehensive testing), turnaround time as the basis for rapid intervention, and economic considerations. Therefore, a frequent question in that context is ‘what to test when’. In this review, we aim to review genetic testing strategies and their strengths and limitations and to raise awareness for the future implementation of interdisciplinary genome medicine in diagnoses, treatment, and counselling of growth disturbances.
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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that MACS is connected to an increased risk of T2DM, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia, as well as cardiovascular events and mortality ( 13 , 14 ). Sbardella et al. showed that left ventricular mass index was increased in patients with MACS compared
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endocrinology and its connected biomedical areas than during the decades before I got involved with the journal. I only have many thanks and my highest esteem for all those involved over these years in supporting and advancing Endocrine Connections ! Gold
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Fertility, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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same individual are connected by a black line. Red dots indicate patients before testosterone replacement therapy, whereas blue dots indicate patients on testosterone replacement therapy. Blue lines and shading represent median and ±1 SDS and ±2 SDS for