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Xiao-Shan Huang Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Ning Dai Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Jian-Xia Xu Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Jun-Yi Xiang Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Xiao-Zhong Zheng Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Tian-Yu Ke Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Lin-Ying Ma Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Qi-Hao Shi Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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Shu-Feng Fan Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

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through phone inquiries and reminders, along with the involvement of the patient’s family. Both groups underwent thyroid MRI and thyroid hormone biochemical tests before the experiment and were re-evaluated 6 months later. In the low-carbohydrate diet

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0477
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Till Ittermann Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Rehman Mehmood Khattak Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar (CU), Peshawar, Pakistan

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Marcello R P Markus Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Jens-Peter Kühn Institute of Radiology, University Hospital, Carl-Gustav-Carus University, Dresden, Germany

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Marie-Luise Kromrey Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Giovanni Targher Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Antje Steveling Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Matthias Nauck Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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Henry Völzke Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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, 4 , 5 , 6 ). However, a major limitation of the ultrasound examination is its inability to detect small amounts of fat infiltration and to distinguish liver fat from iron ( 8 ). MRI techniques allow an accurate quantification of liver fat and iron

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0566
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Ru-Xuan Zhao Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Ting-Ting Shi Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Sha Luo Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Yun-Fu Liu Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Zhong Xin Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Jin-Kui Yang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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( 3 ). Disease activity is measured based upon clinical activity score (CAS) values ( 14 ), with a CAS ≥ 3/7 being indicative of active GO. However, CAS score is subjective and mostly clinician-depended. Some prior studies have used CT scans and MRI in

Article Type:
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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0590
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Shi-en Fu Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Rou-mei Wang Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Xing-huan Liang Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Jing Xian Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Jie Pan Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Xue-lan Chen Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Cheng-cheng Qiu Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Zhi-ping Tang Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Ying-fen Qin Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Hai-yan Yang Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Li-li Huang Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China

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Ya-qi Kuang Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Yan Ma Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Zuo-jie Luo Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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), ultrasound (US), and MRI ( 12 , 15 ). Although the gold standards for muscle quantification are MRI and CT, these techniques are expensive and time-consuming (in the case of MRI) or involve radiation exposure (in the case of CT) ( 16 ). MRI is considered the

Article Type:
Research Article
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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0083
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access
Caiyan Mo Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Tao Tong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Ying Guo Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Zheng Li Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Liyong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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levels; and pituitary adenoma diagnosed by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and confirmed by postoperative pathology as GHPA. The diagnostic criteria of GD included: symptoms and signs of hypermetabolism due to thyrotoxicosis, elevated

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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0439
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 4
Open access
Teresa Kraus Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Natalia Shengelia-de Lange Division of Nuclear Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

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Holger Einspieler Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Marcus Hacker Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Alexander Haug Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Elisabeth Kretschmer-Chott Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Georgios Karanikas Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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recommends ongoing monitoring with testing of non-stimulated Tg levels every 1–2 years and a neck ultrasound at 3–5-year intervals. Further imaging studies, such as a diagnostic WBS, an MRI, or an FDG-PET, are not deemed necessary ( 12 ). There are some

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0007
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Xiaowen Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China

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Chen Han Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China

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Hongwei Wang State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China

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Xinghong Sun Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Xin Dou Department of Radiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Xueying He Department of Radiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Di Wu Department of Radiology, Southeast University Medical School Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Shanmei Shen Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China

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Dalong Zhu Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China

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Xinlin Zhang Department of Cardiology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Yan Bi Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China

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ophthalmopathy . Bratislavske Lekarske Listy 2017 118 495 – 498 . ( https://doi.org/10.4149/BLL_2017_095 ) 13 Kirsch EC Kaim AH De Oliveira MG von Arx G . Correlation of signal intensity ratio on orbital MRI-TIRM and clinical activity score as a

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Research Article
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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0260
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 11
Open access
Budoor Alemadi Endocrinology Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE

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Fauzia Rashid Endocrinology Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE

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Ali Alzahrani King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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advanced imaging like 4D-MRI or choline/PET-CT scans for accurate detection ( 38 , 39 ). Cases illustrated diverse challenges, such as a carotid sheath adenoma leading to hoarseness and coughing despite a negative MIBI scan, which was resolved post

Article Type:
Review Article
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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0265
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 10
Open access
Jakub Supronik Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Małgorzata Szelachowska Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Adam Kretowski Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Katarzyna Siewko Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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the diagnosis of ATD by months or even years. The onset of GO may also be observed many years after the diagnosis of ATD ( 1 ). Recent research suggests that as many as 70% of patients with GD have evidence of GO in MRI ( 2 ). The incidence of

Article Type:
Review Article
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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0303
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access