Alessandro Brancatella
Alessandro Brancatella
Endocrine Unit 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Claudio Marcocci
Claudio Marcocci
Endocrine Unit 2, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Introduction Thyroid hormones are one of the most prescribed drugs in Western countries, mostly for the management of hypothyroidism either spontaneous or after thyroidectomy for benign diseases and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The aim
David T Broome
David T Broome
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Gauri B Gadre
Gauri B Gadre
Department of Internal Medicine, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
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Ehsan Fayazzadeh
Ehsan Fayazzadeh
Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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James F Bena
James F Bena
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Christian Nasr
Christian Nasr
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Introduction Thyroid cancer is currently the third fastest rising cancer diagnosis in the United States. The National Cancer Institute indicates that there were 52,070 new cases of thyroid cancer diagnosed in 2019 and an estimated 52,890 newly
S C Clement
S C Clement
Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital/ University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital/ University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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W E Visser
W E Visser
Academic Center For Thyroid Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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C A Lebbink
C A Lebbink
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital/ University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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D Albano
D Albano
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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H L Claahsen-van der Grinten
H L Claahsen-van der Grinten
Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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A Czarniecka
A Czarniecka
The Oncologic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
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R P Dias
R P Dias
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham Women’s, and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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M P Dierselhuis
M P Dierselhuis
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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I Dzivite-Krisane
I Dzivite-Krisane
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
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R Elisei
R Elisei
Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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A Garcia-Burillo
A Garcia-Burillo
Nuclear Medicine Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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L Izatt
L Izatt
Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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C Kanaka-Gantenbein
C Kanaka-Gantenbein
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, First Department of Pediatrics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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H Krude
H Krude
Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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L Lamartina
L Lamartina
Department of Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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K Lorenz
K Lorenz
Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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M Luster
M Luster
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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R Navardauskaitė
R Navardauskaitė
Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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M Negre Busó
M Negre Busó
Nuclear Medicine Service - Institut de diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
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K Newbold
K Newbold
Thyroid Therapy Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK
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R P Peeters
R P Peeters
Academic Center For Thyroid Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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G Pellegriti
G Pellegriti
Endocrinology, Endocrinology Division, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
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A Piccardo
A Piccardo
Department of Nuclear Medicine, EO Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
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A L Priego
A L Priego
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden, University medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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A Redlich
A Redlich
Pediatric Oncology Department, Otto von Guericke University Children's Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
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L de Sanctis
L de Sanctis
Regina Margherita Children Hospital - Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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M Sobrinho-Simões
M Sobrinho-Simões
University Hospital of São João, Medical Faculty and Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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A S P van Trotsenburg
A S P van Trotsenburg
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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F A Verburg
F A Verburg
Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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M Vriens
M Vriens
Department of Endocrine Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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T P Links
T P Links
Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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S F Ahmed
S F Ahmed
Endocrinology, Endocrinology Division, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Office for Rare Conditions, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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H M van Santen
H M van Santen
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital/ University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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End Results Program, the annual percent change in pediatric thyroid cancer incidence increased from 1.1% per year (1973–2006) to 9.6% per year (2006–2013) ( 1 ). The increasing incidence is likely the result of better detection of small and early
Danuta Gąsior-Perczak
Danuta Gąsior-Perczak
Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Iwona Pałyga
Iwona Pałyga
Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Monika Szymonek
Monika Szymonek
Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Artur Kowalik
Artur Kowalik
Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Agnieszka Walczyk
Agnieszka Walczyk
Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Janusz Kopczyński
Janusz Kopczyński
Department of Surgical Pathology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Katarzyna Lizis-Kolus
Katarzyna Lizis-Kolus
Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Anna Słuszniak
Anna Słuszniak
Laboratory of Tumor Markers, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Janusz Słuszniak
Janusz Słuszniak
Department of Surgical Oncology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Tomasz Łopatyński
Tomasz Łopatyński
Department of Surgery, Oncology Center of Lublin Land, Lublin, Poland
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Ryszard Mężyk
Ryszard Mężyk
Cancer Epidemiology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
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Stanisław Góźdź
Stanisław Góźdź
Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
The Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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The Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Aldona Kowalska
Aldona Kowalska
Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
The Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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The Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Introduction Increased access to imaging techniques and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has resulted in an increase in the rate of detection of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in recent years ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). The increase in
Carina Hasenoehrl
Carina Hasenoehrl
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Gert Schwach
Gert Schwach
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Nassim Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy
Nassim Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
SFL Chicken CAM Lab, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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SFL Chicken CAM Lab, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Robert Fuchs
Robert Fuchs
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Nadine Kretschmer
Nadine Kretschmer
Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Rudolf Bauer
Rudolf Bauer
Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Roswitha Pfragner
Roswitha Pfragner
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) arise from the parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid and account for 5–10% of all thyroid cancers ( 1 , 2 ). MTCs are calcitonin-producing tumors that occur sporadically in 70–80% of the cases
Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abdul K Siraj
Abdul K Siraj
Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zeeshan Qadri
Zeeshan Qadri
Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Saeeda O Ahmed
Saeeda O Ahmed
Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Felisa DeVera
Felisa DeVera
Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Saif Al-Sobhi
Saif Al-Sobhi
Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Fouad Al-Dayel
Fouad Al-Dayel
Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Khawla S Al-Kuraya
Khawla S Al-Kuraya
Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Introduction Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the commonest subtype of thyroid cancer, accounting for 80–90% of all thyroid cancers, and is generally associated with favorable outcome ( 1 , 2 ). The incidence of PTC has increased
Rasmus Reinke
Rasmus Reinke
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Stefano Christian Londero
Stefano Christian Londero
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Martin Almquist
Martin Almquist
Department of Surgery, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Lars Rejnmark
Lars Rejnmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lars Rolighed
Lars Rolighed
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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thyroid surgeons or parathyroid + thyroid surgeons in (A) cancer patients, (B) Graves’ patients and (C) goitre patients over time. (D) Distribution of surgeon over time and hypoparathyroidism from 2012 to 2021. Over time, the risk of hypoPT
Huy Gia Vuong
Huy Gia Vuong
Department of Pathology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Uyen N P Duong
Uyen N P Duong
Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Ahmed M A Altibi
Ahmed M A Altibi
Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Hanh T T Ngo
Hanh T T Ngo
Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Thong Quang Pham
Thong Quang Pham
Department of Pathology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Hung Minh Tran
Hung Minh Tran
Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Greta Gandolfi
Greta Gandolfi
Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Lewis Hassell
Lewis Hassell
Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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Introduction PTC is the most common histologic type of thyroid cancer, and its incidence has been increasing over the years ( 1 ). PTCs rarely behave as aggressive tumors clinically, with a cancer-specific mortality rate less than 5% ( 2
Wei Sun
Wei Sun
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Boyuan Zheng
Boyuan Zheng
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Zhihong Wang
Zhihong Wang
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Wenwu Dong
Wenwu Dong
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Yuan Qin
Yuan Qin
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Hao Zhang
Hao Zhang
Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Introduction The most prevalent endocrine malignancy is thyroid cancer, which accounts for 1% of all malignancies. Recently, morbidity caused by thyroid cancer has increased by three-fold ( 1 , 2 ). Histologically, the most common type of
Chan Sub Park
Chan Sub Park
Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Jihye Choi
Jihye Choi
Department of General Surgery, National Medical Center, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Min-Ki Seong
Min-Ki Seong
Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sung-Eun Hong
Sung-Eun Hong
Radiation Medicine Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jae-Sung Kim
Jae-Sung Kim
Radiation Medicine Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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In-Chul Park
In-Chul Park
Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyesil Seol
Hyesil Seol
Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Woo Chul Noh
Woo Chul Noh
Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyun-Ah Kim
Hyun-Ah Kim
Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Introduction Estradiol is a key factor for tumorigenesis and prognosis of hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. Although estradiol is produced mainly by the ovary in premenopausal women, the adrenal gland and adipocytes are also
