Tsung-Hui Wu
Tsung-Hui Wu
Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Guan-Yu Su
Guan-Yu Su
Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsung-Yun Liu
Tsung-Yun Liu
Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsiang-Tsui Wang
Hsiang-Tsui Wang
Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
PhD Program in Toxicology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
PhD Program in Toxicology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chii-Min Hwu
Chii-Min Hwu
Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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participants were asked to recall the amount of time per day for each of five levels of activity in a representative day within the past two weeks. The five levels of activity were basal (sleeping or lying down), sedentary (sitting or standing), slight (e
Karim Gariani
Karim Gariani
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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François R Jornayvaz
François R Jornayvaz
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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sleep apnea, hypertension, dyslipidemia, gut microbiota alterations, genetic predisposition (notably polymorphisms in PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genes), sedentary lifestyle, and consumption of certain foods (e.g. fructose, saturated fatty acids, overconsumption
Jared G Friedman
Jared G Friedman
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Kasey Coyne
Kasey Coyne
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Grazia Aleppo
Grazia Aleppo
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Emily D Szmuilowicz
Emily D Szmuilowicz
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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the wearer is in a position in which the CGM and nearby local tissue get compressed, often during sleep ( 44 ). Device compression can result in a falsely low reading, and when the device is linked to an alarm for severe hypoglycemia, the sleeping
Kevin C J Yuen
Kevin C J Yuen
Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
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Gudmundur Johannsson
Gudmundur Johannsson
Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ken K Y Ho
Ken K Y Ho
The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Bradley S Miller
Bradley S Miller
Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, M Health Fairview Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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Ignacio Bergada
Ignacio Bergada
Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Alan D Rogol
Alan D Rogol
Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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lifespan that declines with age ( 16 ). Slow-wave sleep triggers nocturnal GH secretion ( 17 ), which contributes to a small fraction of the total daily GH secretion in women, but the majority in men ( 18 ). Fasting and exercise increase, whereas feeding
Khaled Kabarra
Khaled Kabarra
Center for Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
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Pegah Golabi
Pegah Golabi
Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
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Zobair M Younossi
Zobair M Younossi
Center for Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
Inova Medicine, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
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Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
Inova Medicine, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
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). Other commonly reported impacts on quality of life include dietary limitations in more than half of the patients; 38% reported impact on sleep, 31% reported impact on social and family life, 29% reported healthcare frustration, and 26.5% were afraid of
Andrea V Haas
Andrea V Haas
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Paul N Hopkins
Paul N Hopkins
Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Nancy J Brown
Nancy J Brown
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Luminita H Pojoga
Luminita H Pojoga
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Jonathan S Williams
Jonathan S Williams
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gail K Adler
Gail K Adler
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gordon H Williams
Gordon H Williams
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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positive association. For example, time of day, posture, sleep–wake cycles, eating and stress can modify circulating cortisol levels over a short time interval. The often variable urine collection times and the difference between cortisol’s diurnal and
Fahim Ebrahimi
Fahim Ebrahimi
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Sandrine A Urwyler
Sandrine A Urwyler
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Philipp Schuetz
Philipp Schuetz
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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Beat Mueller
Beat Mueller
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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Luca Bernasconi
Luca Bernasconi
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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Peter Neyer
Peter Neyer
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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Marc Y Donath
Marc Y Donath
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Mirjam Christ-Crain
Mirjam Christ-Crain
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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30/47 14/21 16/26 Dyslipidemia 57/67 29/34 28/33 Statin treatment 18/57 7/29 11/28 Obstructive sleep apnea 21/67 7/34 14/33 CPAP treatment 14/21 5/7 9/14 Smoking status
Ida Staby
Ida Staby
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jesper Krogh
Jesper Krogh
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Marianne Klose
Marianne Klose
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jonas Baekdal
Jonas Baekdal
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lars Poulsgaard
Lars Poulsgaard
Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jacob Bertram Springborg
Jacob Bertram Springborg
Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mikkel Andreassen
Mikkel Andreassen
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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cause iatrogenic AI ( 22 , 23 ) with a need for long-term replacement and risk of side effects. It cannot be excluded that pain killers (including opioids) and patients still at sleep may have given rise to inappropriately low levels of cortisol
Chun-feng Lu
Chun-feng Lu
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Xiao-qin Ge
Xiao-qin Ge
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Yan Wang
Yan Wang
Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Jian-bin Su
Jian-bin Su
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Xue-qin Wang
Xue-qin Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Dong-mei Zhang
Dong-mei Zhang
Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Feng Xu
Feng Xu
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Wang-shu Liu
Wang-shu Liu
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Min Su
Min Su
Department of Endocrinology, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
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14 88 – 98 . ( https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.151 ) 3 Svensson AK Svensson T Kitlinski M Almgren P Engström G Nilsson PM Melander O . Incident diabetes mellitus may explain the association between sleep duration and incident
Marta Araujo-Castro
Marta Araujo-Castro
Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Héctor Pian
Héctor Pian
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel
Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Alberto Acitores Cancela
Alberto Acitores Cancela
Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Eider Pascual-Corrales
Eider Pascual-Corrales
Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Víctor Rodríguez Berrocal
Víctor Rodríguez Berrocal
Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
Endoscopic Skull Base Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Madrid, Spain
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Endoscopic Skull Base Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Madrid, Spain
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significance. SAS, sleep apnoea syndrome. Tumor consistency according to presurgical treatment Most GH-secreting PAs were of soft consistency, 29 of the 40 PAs (72.5%), and the remaining 11 PAs (27.5%) were of fibrous consistency (hard
