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Søs Dragsbæk Larsen Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Christine Dalgård Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Public Health, Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Mathilde Egelund Christensen Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Sine Lykkedegn Hans Christian Andersen Children’s Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Louise Bjørkholt Andersen Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Marianne Andersen Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Medical Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Dorte Glintborg Department of Medical Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Henrik Thybo Christesen Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Hans Christian Andersen Children’s Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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pregnancy in the period of 1/1/2010–31/12/2012. Exclusion criteria were migration out of the municipality, miscarriage and stillbirth, resulting in 2549 active mother-children dyads. A more detailed description of the cohort has been published previously

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Shan Wu College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
Research Center for Translational Medicine, Cancer Stem Cell Institute, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

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Jianjun Zhou Research Center for Translational Medicine, Cancer Stem Cell Institute, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

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Jing Guo Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

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Zhan Hua Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

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Jianchen Li College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China

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Zai Wang Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

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pathway has a critical role in angiogenesis, which indirectly mediates the underlying pathology and subsequent effects on cell proliferation, migration, permeability and survival of the vascular endothelium ( 6 , 7 ). As a crucial receptor for VEGF, KDR

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A H Ludwig-Slomczynska Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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S Borys Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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M T Seweryn Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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J Hohendorff Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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P Kapusta Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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B Kiec-Wilk Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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E Pitera Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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P P Wolkow Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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M T Malecki Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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locomotor phenotype, its knockdown leads to increased cell motility and might ( 40 ). Also, TEAD has been shown to stimulate cell proliferation and migration ( 41 ). SOX10 also influences EMT and motility ( 42 ). However, it should be emphasized that the

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Monika Bilic Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Huma Qamar Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Akpevwe Onoyovwi Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Jill Korsiak Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Eszter Papp Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Abdullah Al Mahmud Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Rosanna Weksberg Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Alison D Gernand Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

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Jennifer Harrington Division of Endocrinology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Daniel E Roth Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival ( 7 ). IGF-II is structurally similar to IGF-I and promotes embryonic growth and early development, but it is not believed to play an active regulatory role in postnatal growth under

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Qianqian Pang Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Bone Quality and Health Assessment Centre, Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong

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Yuping Xu Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

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Xuan Qi Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

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Yan Jiang Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

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Ou Wang Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

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Mei Li Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

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Xiaoping Xing Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

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Ling Qin Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Bone Quality and Health Assessment Centre, Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong

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Weibo Xia Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

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, migration, and invasion . International Journal of Cell Biology 2012 2012 723419 . ( https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/723419 ) 22505934 11 Holla VR Backlund MG Yang P Newman RA DuBois RN . Regulation of prostaglandin transporters in colorectal

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Chenghao Piao Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Xiaojie Wang Department of Human Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Shiqiao Peng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Xinyu Guo Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Hui Zhao Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Li He Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yan Zeng Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Fan Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Kewen Zhu Department of Human Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yiwei Wang Department of Human Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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phosphatase, the activation repressed when binding to IL-34. IL-34 binding to syndecan-1 regulates CSF-1R signaling, and IL-34 induces the migration of macrophages in syndecan-1-dependent manner. Therefore, other receptors may mediate the activities of IL-34

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Yongping Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Shuo Wang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Qingling Guo Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Yongze Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Jing Qin Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Na Zhao Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Yushu Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Zhongyan Shan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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Weiping Teng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China

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-8924(00)01816-X ) 10.1016/S0962-8924(00)01816-X 10932095 19 Sadanandam A Rosenbaugh EG Singh S Varney M Singh RK. Semaphorin 5A promotes angiogenesis by increasing endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and decreasing apoptosis

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Enrique Soto-Pedre Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

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Paul J Newey Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

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John S Bevan JJR Macleod Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (Mac-DEM), Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK

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Graham P Leese Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

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described ( 2 ). These included demographic records (gender, birth, migration and deprivation based on patient’s full postcode – Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation – SIMD), Scottish Morbidity Records – SMR (maternity admissions, hospital admissions

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Suma Uday Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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Ardita Kongjonaj MEAL Specialist at Save the Children International, Albania Country Office, Tirana, Albania

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Magda Aguiar Health Economics Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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Ted Tulchinsky Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, and Ashkelon College, Ashkelon, Israel

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Wolfgang Högler Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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supplementation in the high-risk population. In light of the migration of dark-skinned people into Europe, there is an urgent need to review vitamin D supplementation policies and their implementation. Increased incidence of rickets in the immigrant population has

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Ghazala Zaidi Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Vijayalakshmi Bhatia Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Saroj K Sahoo Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Aditya Narayan Sarangi Departments of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Niharika Bharti Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Li Zhang Department of Immunology, Barbara Davis Centre for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, USA

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Liping Yu Department of Immunology, Barbara Davis Centre for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, USA

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Daniel Eriksson Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Sophie Bensing Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Olle Kämpe Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden

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Nisha Bharani Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India

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Surendra Kumar Yachha Departments of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Anil Bhansali Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

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Alok Sachan Department of Endocrinology, Sri Venkateshwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupathi, India

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Vandana Jain Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

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Nalini Shah Department of Endocrinology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Seth GS Medical College, Mumbai, India

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Rakesh Aggarwal Departments of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Amita Aggarwal Departments of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Muthuswamy Srinivasan Departments of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Sarita Agarwal Departments of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Eesh Bhatia Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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on other ethnic groups are scarce, consisting mainly of case reports ( 13 , 14 , 15 ). The Indian population is genetically complex, with ancestral gene pools, admixture due to migration and endogamy along lines of caste and sub-caste ( 16 , 17

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