National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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Careful assessment of fluid and electrolyte balance Ideally, endocrine evaluation with blood samples for random serum cortisol, TSH, free T 4 , prolactin, IGF1, LH, FSH, testosterone (men), oestradiol (women) for later analysis Bedside assessment of
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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because it is structurally modified ( 20 , 21 ). In addition to activating the insulin receptor cascade response, long-acting insulin analogs can also affect the IGF-1 receptor cascade response ( 22 ). And there is evidence from Alvaro’s study that IGF-1
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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an arginine stimulation test ( n =1) with a GH cutoff level ≤3 μg/l. BMI was between 27.5 and 36.0 kg/m 2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations were within the normal range. Each subject was examined twice in a randomized, double
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changes in BMI, IGF1 SDS, QoL-AGHDA, MetS score and MetS components are reported in Table 1 . Noteworthy is the finding that the dissimilarity in response was not related to a different baseline IGF1 SDS, GH replacement dose or IGF1 SDS at Y1, while a
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Introduction Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF1) are anabolic hormones which influence bone metabolism through the modulation of several signaling pathways ( 1 ). In vitro studies showed that GH enhances the
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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mU/L in combination with an insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) concentration <−2 standard deviation score (SDS). The date of GHD diagnosis was recorded as the date that the last GH stimulation test was performed to establish GHD diagnosis
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Medical Research Laboratories, Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Genetics, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Clinical Institute, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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commercial RIA (Linco, St Louis, MO, USA). Total insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was measured by use of in-house noncompetitive, TR-IFMAs after acid–ethanol extraction of serum as described (30) . C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by an
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auxological and/or other clinical features suggestive of GHD ( 14 ) and IGF-1 concentration <0 s.d. (reference ranges standardized for age and sex), GHD was confirmed by GH stimulation tests. Two different stimulation tests (clonidine and insulin hypoglycemia
Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
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mTOR pathways. The relationship between the mTOR- and the IGF pathways in the NCI-H295R and SW13 ACC cell lines is addressed in a few studies ( 24 , 28 ). These studies demonstrate that both ACC cell lines have a similar protein expression of IGF1R
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). Crosstalk between cell-surface GPCRs and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is a pervasive phenomenon ( 38 ). The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is an RTK shown to have crosstalk with TSHR in brow fat and orbital fat of patients with thyroid