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characteristics of the respective study populations, differences in calibrators or internal standards for these rarely measured steroids could have contributed to the difference. As expected, sex was the most important determinant for concentrations of androgens
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accumulation of vascular calcifications both in the tunica intima and in the tunica media constitutes an important cardiovascular risk factor, while the degree of decrease in BMD is an important determinant of the probability of fragility fractures. Vascular
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://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu058 ) 8 Rao G Powell-Wiley TM Ancheta I Hairston K Kirley K Lear SA North KE Palaniappan L Rosal MC & American Heart Association Obesity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health
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questionnaires on lifestyle and behavior), a medical care institution database, and death information. Dates of death were obtained from the database prepared by Statistics Korea. Study population From January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012, a total of 2
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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ultimately reducing CVD risk in KS and 47,XYY is still debatable ( 17 ). The only guideline on the treatment of KS currently available advocates attention to prophylaxis and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in KS, including education on lifestyle
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variable even among healthy individuals with normal glucose tolerance. The phenotype of insulin function is influenced by many familial, genetic, and environmental factors of a particular individual. Lifestyle factors, i.e. physical activity and diet, are
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, sedentary lifestyles, and advanced maternal age, the incidence of GDM is increasing throughout the world ( 1 ). The prevalence of GDM varies in different populations and ethnicities, which is 14.7% in China ( 1 , 2 ). GDM has serious adverse effects on both
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evidence for various approaches (lifestyle interventions that affect mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and insulin action and more direct alterations of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism) aimed at improving aspects of mitochondrial function for potential
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Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Synlab Medical Center of Human Genetics Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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, eggs or vitamin D-fortified food) plays usually only a minor role ( 30 ). The vitamin D supply from different sources is of course subject to significant variation based on genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors ( 30 , 31 , 32 , 33
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3 , NPR2 and SHOX mutations ( 14 ). IGF-1 receptor ( IGF1R ) defects have been categorised under secondary growth disorders ( 6 ). A careful medical history, including details of maternal life-style, such as smoking and alcohol, environmental