Sonja Kunz
Sonja Kunz
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Xiao Wang
Xiao Wang
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Uta Ferrari
Uta Ferrari
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Michael Drey
Michael Drey
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Marily Theodoropoulou
Marily Theodoropoulou
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Katharina Schilbach
Katharina Schilbach
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Martin Reincke
Martin Reincke
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Margit Heier
Margit Heier
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Annette Peters
Annette Peters
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Wolfgang Koenig
Wolfgang Koenig
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Tanja Zeller
Tanja Zeller
Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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Barbara Thorand
Barbara Thorand
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Martin Bidlingmaier
Martin Bidlingmaier
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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characteristics of the respective study populations, differences in calibrators or internal standards for these rarely measured steroids could have contributed to the difference. As expected, sex was the most important determinant for concentrations of androgens
Nancy Martini
Nancy Martini
Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM-UNLP-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Lucas Streckwall
Lucas Streckwall
Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM-UNLP-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Antonio Desmond McCarthy
Antonio Desmond McCarthy
Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM-UNLP-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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accumulation of vascular calcifications both in the tunica intima and in the tunica media constitutes an important cardiovascular risk factor, while the degree of decrease in BMD is an important determinant of the probability of fragility fractures. Vascular
Yuan Huang
Yuan Huang
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yunyun Hu
Yunyun Hu
The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Bingshu Bao
Bingshu Bao
The Second People’s Hospital, Luqiao, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu058 ) 8 Rao G Powell-Wiley TM Ancheta I Hairston K Kirley K Lear SA North KE Palaniappan L Rosal MC & American Heart Association Obesity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health
Chaiho Jeong
Chaiho Jeong
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bongseong Kim
Bongseong Kim
Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jinyoung Kim
Jinyoung Kim
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hansang Baek
Hansang Baek
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Mee Kyoung Kim
Mee Kyoung Kim
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tae-Seo Sohn
Tae-Seo Sohn
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ki-Hyun Baek
Ki-Hyun Baek
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ki-Ho Song
Ki-Ho Song
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyun-Shik Son
Hyun-Shik Son
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kyungdo Han
Kyungdo Han
Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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questionnaires on lifestyle and behavior), a medical care institution database, and death information. Dates of death were obtained from the database prepared by Statistics Korea. Study population From January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012, a total of 2
Lukas Ochsner Ridder
Lukas Ochsner Ridder
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Agnethe Berglund
Agnethe Berglund
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Genetics and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kirstine Stochholm
Kirstine Stochholm
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Simon Chang
Simon Chang
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Claus H Gravholt
Claus H Gravholt
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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ultimately reducing CVD risk in KS and 47,XYY is still debatable ( 17 ). The only guideline on the treatment of KS currently available advocates attention to prophylaxis and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in KS, including education on lifestyle
Róża Aleksandrowicz
Róża Aleksandrowicz
Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Bialystok, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Marek Strączkowski
Marek Strączkowski
Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Bialystok, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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variable even among healthy individuals with normal glucose tolerance. The phenotype of insulin function is influenced by many familial, genetic, and environmental factors of a particular individual. Lifestyle factors, i.e. physical activity and diet, are
Chenyu Jiang
Chenyu Jiang
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Mi Zhou
Mi Zhou
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Huai Bai
Huai Bai
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Meng Chen
Meng Chen
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Chunyi Yang
Chunyi Yang
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Kaifeng Hu
Kaifeng Hu
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yujie Wu
Yujie Wu
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Qingqing Liu
Qingqing Liu
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yangyu Zhao
Yangyu Zhao
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Xinghui Liu
Xinghui Liu
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ping Fan
Ping Fan
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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, sedentary lifestyles, and advanced maternal age, the incidence of GDM is increasing throughout the world ( 1 ). The prevalence of GDM varies in different populations and ethnicities, which is 14.7% in China ( 1 , 2 ). GDM has serious adverse effects on both
Magdalene K Montgomery
Magdalene K Montgomery
Department of Pharmacology, UNSW Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Nigel Turner
Nigel Turner
Department of Pharmacology, UNSW Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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evidence for various approaches (lifestyle interventions that affect mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and insulin action and more direct alterations of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism) aimed at improving aspects of mitochondrial function for potential
Stefan Pilz
Stefan Pilz
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Armin Zittermann
Armin Zittermann
Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Christian Trummer
Christian Trummer
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Verena Theiler-Schwetz
Verena Theiler-Schwetz
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Elisabeth Lerchbaum
Elisabeth Lerchbaum
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Martin H Keppel
Martin H Keppel
University Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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Martin R Grübler
Martin R Grübler
Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Winfried März
Winfried März
Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Synlab Medical Center of Human Genetics Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Synlab Medical Center of Human Genetics Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Marlene Pandis
Marlene Pandis
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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, eggs or vitamin D-fortified food) plays usually only a minor role ( 30 ). The vitamin D supply from different sources is of course subject to significant variation based on genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors ( 30 , 31 , 32 , 33
Robert Rapaport
Robert Rapaport
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, Mount Sinai Kravis Children’s Hospital and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Jan M Wit
Jan M Wit
Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Martin O Savage
Martin O Savage
Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK
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3 , NPR2 and SHOX mutations ( 14 ). IGF-1 receptor ( IGF1R ) defects have been categorised under secondary growth disorders ( 6 ). A careful medical history, including details of maternal life-style, such as smoking and alcohol, environmental
