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Renea A Taylor Department of Physiology, Cancer Program and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Wellington Road, Victoria 3800, Australia

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Jennifer Lo Department of Physiology, Cancer Program and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Wellington Road, Victoria 3800, Australia

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Natasha Ascui Department of Physiology, Cancer Program and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Wellington Road, Victoria 3800, Australia

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Matthew J Watt Department of Physiology, Cancer Program and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Wellington Road, Victoria 3800, Australia

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(TNF)α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (for review, see Olefsky and Glass (37) ). It is important to note that this obesity-driven inflammatory state is characterised by small increases in blood cytokine levels

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-15-0080
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 4
Open access
Hershel Raff Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine

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Hariprasad Trivedi Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine

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's syndrome) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) . It is now accepted that an increased late-night salivary cortisol (at the circadian nadir) has 90–95% sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome (6, 7) . In patients with normal renal function

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0058
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 1
Open access
Tingting Xia Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Hongru Sun Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Hao Huang Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Haoran Bi Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Rui Pu Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Lei Zhang Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yuanyuan Zhang Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Ying Liu Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Jing Xu Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Justina Ucheojor Onwuka Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yupeng Liu Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Binbin Cui Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yashuang Zhao Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Introduction Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains among the top three prevalent tumors among women and men according to Global Cancer Statistics with an estimated 1.4 million new cases and 693,900 deaths occurring in 2012 ( 1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0122
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 7
Open access
Charlotte Höybye Patient Area Endocrinology and Nephrology, Infection and Inflammation Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Laia Faseh Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Christos Himonakos Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Medicine, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden

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Tomasz Pielak NUTOPI Sp. z o. o., Poznan, Poland

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Jesper Eugen-Olsen Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

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markers ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). In accordance, previous epidemiological studies found an increased mortality in GHD, particularly for CVD ( 7 , 8 , 9 ). However, this was less clear from more recent studies ( 10 , 11 ). Numerous studies have

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0159
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Giuseppe Lisco Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Anna De Tullio Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Olga Disoteo Diabetology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy

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Giuseppina Piazzolla Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Edoardo Guastamacchia Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Carlo Sabbà Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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Vincenzo De Geronimo Unit of Endocrinology, Policlinico Morgagni CCD, Catania, Italy

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Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Rome, Italy

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Vincenzo Triggiani Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy

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in the pro-inflammatory background (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha), insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and altered signaling of thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin growth factor 1, leptin, adiponectin, and androgens

Article Type:
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Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0257
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access
R A M Quax Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J A M van Laar Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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R van Heerebeek Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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K Greiner Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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E Ben-Chetrit Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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M Stanford Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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G R Wallace Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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F Fortune Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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M Ghabra Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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M Soylu Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J M W Hazes Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S W J Lamberts Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J H Kappen Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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P M van Hagen Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J W Koper Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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R A Feelders Departments of Internal Medicine, Immunology, St John's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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of GRs per cell was about three fold higher in monocytes as compared with lymphocytes (data not shown). Figure 1 Cellular GC sensitivity in Behçet's disease and healthy controls. EC 50 (nM DEX) values of interleukin 2 (A) and glucocorticoid (GC

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0056
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 2
Open access
K L Gatford School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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G K Heinemann School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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S D Thompson School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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J V Zhang School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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S Buckberry School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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J A Owens School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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G A Dekker School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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C T Roberts School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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on behalf of the SCOPE Consortium School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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Introduction The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF1 and IGF2, are important regulators of placental and foetal development, as well as postnatal growth and metabolism. In humans, circulating IGF1 peaks in adolescence and then falls with age

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0068
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 3
Open access
Martin Wiegand MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

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David J Halsall Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Sarah L Cowan Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Kevin Taylor Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Robert J B Goudie MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

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Jacobus Preller Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Mark Gurnell Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
Wellcome–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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supplementary materials given at the end of this article), although these patients had lower interleukin-6 (median 8.1 vs 11.9); were less likely to be admitted to ICU (11.2% vs 18.9%); and were more likely to have diabetes (32.8% vs 20.7%) or other endocrine

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Adrenal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0190
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 11
Open access
M I Stamou Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

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P Varnavas Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece

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L Plummer Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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V Koika Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece

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N A Georgopoulos Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece

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– fibroblast growth factor 17, IL17RD – interleukin 17 receptor D, PROK2 – prokineticin 2, PROKR2 – prokineticin receptor 2, HS6ST1 – heparin sulfate 6 O sulfutransferase, CHD7 – chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7, WDR11 – WD repeat

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0010
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 5
Open access
Jaafar Jaafar Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland

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Eugenio Fernandez Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland

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Heba Alwan Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland

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Jacques Philippe Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland

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-1 antibodies (PD-1 Ab) and its ligand programmed cell death ligand 1 antibodies (PD-L1 Ab), has undoubtedly been proven in the management of several advanced cancers, namely melanoma, non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), urothelial cancers, head and

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0079
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 5
Open access