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(TNF)α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (for review, see Olefsky and Glass (37) ). It is important to note that this obesity-driven inflammatory state is characterised by small increases in blood cytokine levels
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
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's syndrome) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) . It is now accepted that an increased late-night salivary cortisol (at the circadian nadir) has 90–95% sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome (6, 7) . In patients with normal renal function
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Introduction Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains among the top three prevalent tumors among women and men according to Global Cancer Statistics with an estimated 1.4 million new cases and 693,900 deaths occurring in 2012 ( 1
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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markers ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). In accordance, previous epidemiological studies found an increased mortality in GHD, particularly for CVD ( 7 , 8 , 9 ). However, this was less clear from more recent studies ( 10 , 11 ). Numerous studies have
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of GRs per cell was about three fold higher in monocytes as compared with lymphocytes (data not shown). Figure 1 Cellular GC sensitivity in Behçet's disease and healthy controls. EC 50 (nM DEX) values of interleukin 2 (A) and glucocorticoid (GC
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in the pro-inflammatory background (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha), insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and altered signaling of thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin growth factor 1, leptin, adiponectin, and androgens
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Introduction The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF1 and IGF2, are important regulators of placental and foetal development, as well as postnatal growth and metabolism. In humans, circulating IGF1 peaks in adolescence and then falls with age
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Wellcome–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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supplementary materials given at the end of this article), although these patients had lower interleukin-6 (median 8.1 vs 11.9); were less likely to be admitted to ICU (11.2% vs 18.9%); and were more likely to have diabetes (32.8% vs 20.7%) or other endocrine
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– fibroblast growth factor 17, IL17RD – interleukin 17 receptor D, PROK2 – prokineticin 2, PROKR2 – prokineticin receptor 2, HS6ST1 – heparin sulfate 6 O sulfutransferase, CHD7 – chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7, WDR11 – WD repeat
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C Hunter L Bing C . Interleukin-1β mediates macrophage-induced impairment of insulin signaling in human primary adipocytes . American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism 2014 307 E289 – E304 . ( https://doi.org/10