J A Tamblyn
J A Tamblyn
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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C Jenkinson
C Jenkinson
Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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D P Larner
D P Larner
Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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M Hewison
M Hewison
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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M D Kilby
M D Kilby
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Electrolyte Metabolism 1988 14 246 – 252 . 3211093 21 Tamblyn JA Susarla R Jenkinson C Jeffery LE Ohizua O Chun RF Chan SY Kilby MD Hewison M . Dysregulation of maternal and placental vitamin D metabolism in preeclampsia . Placenta 2017 50 70
Srdjan Pandurevic
Srdjan Pandurevic
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Ilaria Mancini
Ilaria Mancini
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
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Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
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Dimitri Mitselman
Dimitri Mitselman
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Matteo Magagnoli
Matteo Magagnoli
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Rita Teglia
Rita Teglia
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Roberta Fazzeri
Roberta Fazzeri
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Paola Dionese
Paola Dionese
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Carolina Cecchetti
Carolina Cecchetti
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Massimiliamo Caprio
Massimiliamo Caprio
Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
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Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
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Costanzo Moretti
Costanzo Moretti
Department of Systems Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Justyna Sicinska
Justyna Sicinska
Dermatology Clinic of CSK MSWiA Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
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Alessandro Agostini
Alessandro Agostini
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Domenica Gazineo
Domenica Gazineo
Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Lea Godino
Lea Godino
Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Ignacio Sajoux
Ignacio Sajoux
Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Spain
Medical Department Pronokal Group, Barcelona, Spain
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Medical Department Pronokal Group, Barcelona, Spain
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Flaminia Fanelli
Flaminia Fanelli
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Cristina M Meriggiola
Cristina M Meriggiola
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
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Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
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Uberto Pagotto
Uberto Pagotto
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Alessandra Gambineri
Alessandra Gambineri
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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cardio- or cerebrovascular events, uncontrolled hypertension, electrolytic disturbances, any drug capable of interfering with glucose or steroid metabolism, menopause, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and refusal to sign the informed consent form. The study
Nathalia Liberatoscioli Menezes Andrade
Nathalia Liberatoscioli Menezes Andrade
Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Mariana Ferreira de Assis Funari
Mariana Ferreira de Assis Funari
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Alexsandra Christianne Malaquias
Alexsandra Christianne Malaquias
Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Paulo Ferrez Collett-Solberg
Paulo Ferrez Collett-Solberg
Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ciências Medicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Nathalia L R A Gomes
Nathalia L R A Gomes
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Unidade de Crescimento, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Renata Scalco
Renata Scalco
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Naiara Castelo Branco Dantas
Naiara Castelo Branco Dantas
Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Raissa C Rezende
Raissa C Rezende
Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Angelica M F P Tiburcio
Angelica M F P Tiburcio
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Unidade de Crescimento, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Micheline A R Souza
Micheline A R Souza
Serviço de Endocrinologia do Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagao Gesteira/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Bruna L Freire
Bruna L Freire
Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Ana C V Krepischi
Ana C V Krepischi
Centro de Pesquisa em Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
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Carlos Alberto Longui
Carlos Alberto Longui
Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Antonio Marcondes Lerario
Antonio Marcondes Lerario
Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Ivo J P Arnhold
Ivo J P Arnhold
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Alexander A L Jorge
Alexander A L Jorge
Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Gabriela Andrade Vasques
Gabriela Andrade Vasques
Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
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laboratory tests, including a complete blood count, creatinine, electrolytes, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, screening for celiac disease, TSH, free T4, and IGF-1 levels determination. A karyotype was performed in all girls to exclude Turner syndrome. Growth
Sonja Kunz
Sonja Kunz
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Xiao Wang
Xiao Wang
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Uta Ferrari
Uta Ferrari
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Michael Drey
Michael Drey
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Marily Theodoropoulou
Marily Theodoropoulou
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Katharina Schilbach
Katharina Schilbach
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Martin Reincke
Martin Reincke
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Margit Heier
Margit Heier
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Annette Peters
Annette Peters
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Wolfgang Koenig
Wolfgang Koenig
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Tanja Zeller
Tanja Zeller
Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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Barbara Thorand
Barbara Thorand
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Martin Bidlingmaier
Martin Bidlingmaier
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Introduction Steroid hormones are signaling molecules involved in regulation of electrolyte concentrations, blood pressure, reproductive functions, and metabolism ( 1 ). A lack or an excess of steroids results from enzyme defects, adenomas, or
Shi-en Fu
Shi-en Fu
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Rou-mei Wang
Rou-mei Wang
Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Xing-huan Liang
Xing-huan Liang
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Jing Xian
Jing Xian
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Jie Pan
Jie Pan
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Xue-lan Chen
Xue-lan Chen
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Cheng-cheng Qiu
Cheng-cheng Qiu
Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Zhi-ping Tang
Zhi-ping Tang
Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Ying-fen Qin
Ying-fen Qin
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Hai-yan Yang
Hai-yan Yang
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Li-li Huang
Li-li Huang
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Ya-qi Kuang
Ya-qi Kuang
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Yan Ma
Yan Ma
Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Zuo-jie Luo
Zuo-jie Luo
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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, wasting, and atrophy were excluded on the basis of neostigmine experiments, anti-AChR antibody titers, MRI, electrolyte assays, and other methods of examination of the nervous system. Exclusion criteria The following candidates were excluded: (i
Heng Yeh
Heng Yeh
Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Hsuan Yeh
Hsuan Yeh
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chun-Cheng Chiang
Chun-Cheng Chiang
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Ju-Ching Yen
Ju-Ching Yen
College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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I-Kuan Wang
I-Kuan Wang
College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shou-Hsuan Liu
Shou-Hsuan Liu
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Cheng-Chia Lee
Cheng-Chia Lee
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Cheng-Hao Weng
Cheng-Hao Weng
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Wen-Hung Huang
Wen-Hung Huang
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Ching-Wei Hsu
Ching-Wei Hsu
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Tzung-Hai Yen
Tzung-Hai Yen
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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or combined analyses of HD plus PD cohorts. Several studies have established that postoperative hyperkalemia, often accompanied by other electrolyte aberrations including hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, is common in ESKD patients receiving
Henry Zelada
Henry Zelada
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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M Citlalli Perez-Guzman
M Citlalli Perez-Guzman
Internal Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Centro Médico ABC, Mexico City, Mexico
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Daniel R Chernavvsky
Daniel R Chernavvsky
Center for Diabetes Technology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Rodolfo J Galindo
Rodolfo J Galindo
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, Florida, USA
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or hemorrhage Yes Diabetes Technology Society Consensus Guideline (US) ( 11 ) - All hospitalized patients TBR <80–85 mg/dL - BG <40 mg/dL or > 500 mg/dL - Hyperglycemic crisis - Situations with rapidly changing glucose levels and fluid/electrolyte
Ruth Percik
Ruth Percik
Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Sherwin Criseno
Sherwin Criseno
Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Safwaan Adam
Safwaan Adam
Department of Endocrinology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Kate Young
Kate Young
Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Daniel L Morganstein
Daniel L Morganstein
Department of Endocrinology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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, including haemodynamic and electrolyte compromise compared to secondary adrenal insufficiency ( 22 , 23 , 24 ). Presentation is with hypocortisolaemia with elevated ACTH and renin levels. Posterior pituitary – central diabetes insipidus Several
Robert Rapaport
Robert Rapaport
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, Mount Sinai Kravis Children’s Hospital and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Jan M Wit
Jan M Wit
Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Martin O Savage
Martin O Savage
Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK
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, test for coeliac disease, electrolyte and renal and liver function tests, calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase ( 13 , 40 ). A hand/wrist bone age X-ray with examination for features of skeletal dysplasia should be performed in all referred short
E M Winter
E M Winter
Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden, the Netherlands
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A Ireland
A Ireland
Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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N C Butterfield
N C Butterfield
Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, DuCane Road, London, United Kingdom
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M Haffner-Luntzer
M Haffner-Luntzer
Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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M-N Horcajada
M-N Horcajada
Nestlé Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Health, Innovation EPFL Park, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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A G Veldhuis-Vlug
A G Veldhuis-Vlug
Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden, the Netherlands
Jan van Goyen Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Jan van Goyen Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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L Oei
L Oei
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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G Colaianni
G Colaianni
Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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N Bonnet
N Bonnet
Nestlé Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Health, Innovation EPFL Park, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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electrolytic homeostasis in primitive vertebrates over 400 million years ago ( 88 ). Although it is well known that oxytocin facilitates parturition, this hormone is not indispensable for this function ( 89 ). In fact, oxytocin knock-out mice ( OT −/− ) can
