Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
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Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is found in over 40 tissues ( 10 ) and modulates the expression of a large number of genes ( 11 ). Previous studies have mainly focused on the actions of vitamin D in specific cell lines as reviewed by Bouillon & colleagues
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present with more remarkable clinical heterogeneity among different classifications and ages ( 6 ). The phenotypes vary from mild to severe as the clinical classification varies. Gene sequencing technologies can help confirm the pathogenesis of different
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Department of Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Division of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Department of Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Division of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Department of Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Division of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Introduction The CYP21A2 gene encodes the enzyme steroid 21-hydroxylase (21OH), which is essential for steroid synthesis in the adrenal cortex. Mutations in CYP21A2 are the main cause of the autosomal recessive disorder congenital adrenal
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(NGS) approach, we screened 23 PDTC for variants in 48 cancer-relevant genes. The main goal addressed in this exploratory study was to characterise novel genetic changes as potential targets for further research as well as establishing the NGS technique
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becoming milder owing to sensitive diagnostic tests and effective treatments. However, thyroid storms can occur occasionally, and GD treatments such as antithyroid medications, radioiodine therapy, and surgery (thyroidectomy) may be associated with side
Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Genetic Medicine, 5th Floor Research, Genetic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
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Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Genetic Medicine, 5th Floor Research, Genetic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
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Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Genetic Medicine, 5th Floor Research, Genetic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
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fleshy lips), prominent heels, normal intelligence and, in some, radiological features (slender long bones and tall vertebral bodies). It is caused by loss of function mutations in the genes encoding cullin 7 ( CUL7 ) (1) , obscurin-like 1 ( OBSL1 ) (2
Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty City, Republic of Kazakhstan
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diagnostic thyroidectomy. The p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) is a family of evolutionarily conserved DNA damage response (DDR) molecules, which rapidly localize at the sites of DNA double-strand breaks forming nuclear foci (NF) to co-operatively activate p53
Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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Faculty of Health Science, Bukkyo University, Kyoto, Japan
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neuroendocrine mechanisms are unknown. The kisspeptin-GPR54 system has been considered a central reproductive mechanism because the mutations of Gpr54 (a kisspeptin receptor gene) and Kiss1 (a kisspeptin gene) in human and rodent models cause puberty
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exposure to diagnostic doses of ionising radiation in patients with a pre-existing cancer susceptibility syndrome has not been well studied. There is evidence to suggest that patients with mutations in genes involved in DNA repair or tumour suppression may
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as severe hypertension with early penetrance, hypokalemia, decreased plasma concentration of renin and aldosterone and metabolic alkalosis. Mutations of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) genes are capable of increasing Na + reabsorption in the