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cytokines such as TNFα, IL-2 and IL-6 ( Fig. 5I , J and K , P < 0.05), although the level of IL-1β mRNA showed an increasing trend in the DFO-treated mice compared with the vehicle-treated ob/ob mice. Of note, immunohistochemistry analysis of the
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inflammatory mediators have been observed in PCOS ( 90 ), including pro-inflammatory cytokines, white blood cells, chemokines and multiple endothelial inflammation markers ( 91 ). Cytokines are important in inflammatory processes and are also thought to be
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, myocardial fibrosis ( 14 , 15 , 16 ), abnormal expression of cytokines and disordered immunocyte function ( 17 , 18 , 19 ). Although vitamin D synthesis defects are supposed to be ameliorated by KT, vitamin D deficiency persists in most KTRs ( 20
Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
University Centre of João Pessoa (UNIPE), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Department of Biorregulation, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, Medical School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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tissue that has structural similarities to members of the family of long-chain helical cytokines. Leptin acts by decreasing appetite and stimulating thermogenesis, in addition to participating in several physiological processes, including inflammation
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important osteoblastic function in mineral homeostasis is regulation (via cross-talk) of the resorptive action of OC ( 14 ). Osteoclastogenesis involves the recruitment of CFU-GM via cytokines such as M-CSF and IL3 to form a pre-OC that expresses receptor
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follicular cells, T lymphocytes infiltrated in the thyroid produce large amounts of inflammatory cytokines and cause a chronic inflammatory status ( 18 ). Increased inflammatory cytokines further enhance the inflammatory response of T and B lymphocytes and
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and secrete a number of cytokines and low-molecular-weight substances, such as estrogen ( 21 , 22 ). The beneficial role of estrogen in skin tissue is well recognized ( 2 , 3 ). As a model of human peripheral monocytes, we used the human peripheral
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Knowledge City, Lahore, Pakistan
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Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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-surface proteins (e.g. PECAM, ICAM-1 and E-selectin) ( 13 ). In addition to their microparticle-bound form, these cell-surface proteins can also be measured in their soluble from in serum samples ( 13 ). EMPs synthesis is stimulated by inflammatory cytokines
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GR-α) activity observed in critical illness, which is characterized by reduced GR-α density. GR-α functions by binding to specific DNA regions and facilitating their transcription, which can inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines, among
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 in adiposes tissue of HFD-induced obese mice ( Fig. 6E ). Figure 6 Exercise attenuates adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. We detected the effect of exercise on adipose