Budoor Alemadi
Budoor Alemadi
Endocrinology Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE
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Fauzia Rashid
Fauzia Rashid
Endocrinology Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE
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Ali Alzahrani
Ali Alzahrani
King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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patients with negative MIBI scans had parathyroid adenoma as the primary cause, rather than hyperplasia ( 18 ). Co-existent thyroid disease Co-existing thyroid diseases are also potential factors contributing to discordance between scans, reducing
Hana Vítková
Hana Vítková
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kateřina Anderlová
Kateřina Anderlová
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Jan Krátký
Jan Krátký
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Radovan Bílek
Radovan Bílek
Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Drahomíra Springer
Drahomíra Springer
Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Felix Votava
Felix Votava
Department of Children and Adolescents, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
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Tomáš Brutvan
Tomáš Brutvan
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Adéla Krausová
Adéla Krausová
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kristýna Žabková
Kristýna Žabková
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Eliška Potluková
Eliška Potluková
University Center of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baselland and University of Basel, Switzerland
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Jan Jiskra
Jan Jiskra
Third Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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concentrations were collected, and all women completed a questionnaire focusing on a personal history of thyroid diseases, autoimmune and other diseases, medication, and iodine use during pregnancy. Women with GDM were followed, and data on diabetes compensation
Monika Schaffner
Monika Schaffner
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
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Ursula Rochau
Ursula Rochau
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
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Nikolai Mühlberger
Nikolai Mühlberger
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
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Annette Conrads-Frank
Annette Conrads-Frank
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
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Vjollca Qerimi Rushaj
Vjollca Qerimi Rushaj
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
Faculty of Pharmacy, School of PhD Studies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
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Faculty of Pharmacy, School of PhD Studies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
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Gaby Sroczynski
Gaby Sroczynski
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
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Eftychia Koukkou
Eftychia Koukkou
General Hospital ‘Elena Venizelou’, Athens, Greece
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Betina Heinsbaek Thuesen
Betina Heinsbaek Thuesen
Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
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Henry Völzke
Henry Völzke
Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Wilhelm Oberaigner
Wilhelm Oberaigner
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
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Uwe Siebert
Uwe Siebert
Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT – University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i.T., Austria
Center for Health Decision Science, Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Department of Radiology, Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Center for Health Decision Science, Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Department of Radiology, Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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important thyroid disease in Germany’ ( 7 ). This is in line with our conclusions. In 1981, Germany introduced USI in a stepwise approach. Unfortunately, there are no data available on IDD prevalence and incidence before and after the introduction of USI
Xuechao Jiang
Xuechao Jiang
Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yonghui Wang
Yonghui Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xiaoying Li
Xiaoying Li
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Leqi He
Leqi He
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Qian Yang
Qian Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jun Liu
Jun Liu
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bingbing Zha
Bingbing Zha
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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, and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) ( 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ). AITD, which includes GD and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, is caused by an immune response to self-thyroid antigens ( 16 ). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of SAS
Luca Persani
Luca Persani
Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Biagio Cangiano
Biagio Cangiano
Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Marco Bonomi
Marco Bonomi
Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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secretion or the recovery from a thyrotoxic state can sometimes be confused with a CeH. A careful collection of the personal history, the repetition of the biochemical examination and exclusion of an underlying primary thyroid disease are key to uncover such
Qing Zhu
Qing Zhu
Department of Endocrinology, Nantong City No 1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Jianbin Su
Jianbin Su
Department of Endocrinology, Nantong City No 1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Xueqin Wang
Xueqin Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Nantong City No 1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Mengjie Tang
Mengjie Tang
Department of Endocrinology, Nantong City No 1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Yingying Gao
Yingying Gao
Department of Rheumatology, Nantong City No 1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Dongmei Zhang
Dongmei Zhang
Clinical Medicine Research Center, Nantong City No 1 People’s Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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.186 2.424 0.023 0.008 0.105 Discussion Analysis of serum TNF-α level in GD patients Investigation of the role of cytokines in the onset and course of autoimmune thyroid diseases has been ongoing for decades. A pro
Salman Razvi
Salman Razvi
Translational and Clinical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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Sanaa Mrabeti
Sanaa Mrabeti
Medical Affairs EMEA, Merck Serono Middle East FZ-LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Markus Luster
Markus Luster
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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intensified within the previous year, but many symptoms existed with equal frequency in hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects ( 17 ). Also, people with overt or subclinical hypothyroidism in the Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence Study were more likely to have
Avinaash Maharaj
Avinaash Maharaj
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Ruth Kwong
Ruth Kwong
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Jack Williams
Jack Williams
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Christopher Smith
Christopher Smith
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Helen Storr
Helen Storr
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Ruth Krone
Ruth Krone
Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Debora Braslavsky
Debora Braslavsky
Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas ‘Dr. Cesar Bergadá’ (CEDIE) – CONICET – FEI – División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños ‘Ricardo Gutiérrez’, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Maria Clemente
Maria Clemente
Paediatric Endocrinology, Growth and Development Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Nanik Ram
Nanik Ram
Department of Endocrinology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Indraneel Banerjee
Indraneel Banerjee
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Semra Çetinkaya
Semra Çetinkaya
Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Children’s Health and Disease Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Federica Buonocore
Federica Buonocore
Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Tülay Güran
Tülay Güran
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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John C Achermann
John C Achermann
Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Louise Metherell
Louise Metherell
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Rathi Prasad
Rathi Prasad
Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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presence of concomitant adrenal disease. Details of thyroid disease reviewed included the presence of concomitant adrenal/nephrotic disease, diagnostic TSH and FT4 levels, and pathology identified on imaging. Where details were not given for each case
Giorgio Radetti
Giorgio Radetti
Pediatrics, Regional Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
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Mariacarolina Salerno
Mariacarolina Salerno
Pediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Chiara Guzzetti
Chiara Guzzetti
Pediatric Endocrinology, Ospedale Pedatrico Microcitemico ‘A. Cao’ – AOB Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Marco Cappa
Marco Cappa
Pediatric Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Roma, Italy
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Andrea Corrias
Andrea Corrias
Divisione di Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Torino, Italy
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Alessandra Cassio
Alessandra Cassio
Department of Pediatrics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Graziano Cesaretti
Graziano Cesaretti
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Roberto Gastaldi
Roberto Gastaldi
Paediatric Department, Gaslini Hospital, Genova, Italy
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Mario Rotondi
Mario Rotondi
Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., ISPESL Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Fiorenzo Lupi
Fiorenzo Lupi
Pediatrics, Regional Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
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Antonio Fanolla
Antonio Fanolla
Department of Biostatistics, Regional Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
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Giovanna Weber
Giovanna Weber
Department of Pediatrics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Sandro Loche
Sandro Loche
Pediatric Endocrinology, Ospedale Pedatrico Microcitemico ‘A. Cao’ – AOB Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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, incidence, and regression of thyroid diseases in adolescents and young adults . American Journal of Medicine 1991 91 363 – 370 . ( doi:10.1016/0002-9343(91)90153-O ) 6 Radetti G Gottardi E Bona G Corrias A Salardi S Loche S
Melinda Kertész
Melinda Kertész
Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Baranya, Hungary
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Szilárd Kun
Szilárd Kun
Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Baranya, Hungary
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Eszter Sélley
Eszter Sélley
Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Baranya, Hungary
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Zsuzsanna Nagy
Zsuzsanna Nagy
Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Baranya, Hungary
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Tamás Kőszegi
Tamás Kőszegi
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Baranya, Hungary
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István Wittmann
István Wittmann
Department of Medicine and Nephrology-Diabetes Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Baranya, Hungary
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study, the association of subclinical hypothyroidism and complications of type 2 diabetes was proved ( 11 ). Recently, an increased prevalence of nodular thyroid disease in metabolic syndrome has been detected ( 12 ). Moreover, high T3 may predict
