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Diagnostics). The metabolic syndrome was defined by the IDF standards (based on waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and glucose level) ( 19 ). The adolescents were categorized in different obesity stages according to the
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classical topics such as ‘Pituitary and Hypothalamus’, ‘Thyroid’, ‘Reproduction’, ‘Adrenal Hormones’, ‘Bone and Mineral Metabolism’, ‘Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes’, ‘Cardiovascular Endocrinology’ and ‘Hormones and Cancer’. These leading experts and their
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circumference identify children with the metabolic syndrome? Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2005 159 740 – 744 . ( https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.8.740 ) 9 Freedman DS Serdula MK Sat Srinivasan SR Berenson GS . Relation
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the pathophysiology of diabetes and metabolic syndrome ( 2 ). In the past few years, our understanding of the role of the heptapeptide angiotensin(1–7) has been extended to include other organs and systems well beyond the heart, vessels and the
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Unclear Yes Unclear No 3 Patients receiving hypoglycemic agents at baseline were excluded. One patient had diabetes, 13 patients with metabolic syndrome Docknic 2002 (30) Unclear Unclear Yes Yes Yes Unclear Yes 4 52% of
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). PCOS is also associated with several comorbidities resulting in long-term sequelae ( 4 ) like insulin resistance (IR) ( 5 ), obesity ( 6 ) and metabolic syndrome ( 7 ). Although metabolic parameters are not included in the diagnostic criteria, they
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology for Children, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Diseases, Bicêtre Paris-Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
Paris Sud – Paris Saclay University, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Department of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacogenetics and Hormonology, Bicêtre Paris-Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Hôpital Necker EnfantsMalades APHP, INSERM U1151, Paris, France
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APHP, Department of Adolescent Medicine, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology for Children, Bicêtre Paris Saclay Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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hypothesized that low phosphorus intake may be involved in the progression of weight gain and metabolic syndrome ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). Today, a growing body of scientific evidence shows an inverse relationship between serum phosphate
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-sectional studies have demonstrated that the frequency of NAFLD is increased in women with PCOS, independent of overweight/obesity and other coexisting metabolic syndrome features ( 5 , 21 , 22 ). Additionally, it has been presented that PCOS women with NAFLD are
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number of studies have shown that IR is the main pathophysiological factor in the development of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases ( 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ). Meanwhile, people with IR have a higher risk of death. In an 18.9-year prospective
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Haematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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.1 nmol/L, and the working range was 0.2–100 nmol/L with a coefficient of variation of <10%. Body fat was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using a Hologic QDR2000/w osteodensitometer (Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Metabolic syndrome