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Shih-Rong Lin Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

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Shih-Fen Chen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan

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Yu-Cih Yang Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

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Chung-Y Hsu Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

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Yu-Chih Shen Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
Department of Psychiatry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

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( 4 ). Epidemiological evidence has suggested a link between hyperthyroidism and incident PD. A nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden that followed 34,735 patients with Graves’ disease/hyperthyroidism has reported a 1.42-fold increased

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Kamran Iqbal Shire, London, UK

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Kate Halsby pH Associates, Marlow, UK

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Robert D Murray Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK

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Paul V Carroll Department of Endocrinology, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Robert Petermann Shire, Vienna, Austria

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. Subjects and methods Study design and data sources A retrospective, observational study was conducted in routine primary care. All variables were identified from THIN database. As of 2016, THIN comprised the pseudonymised electronic primary care

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Theodoros Karampitsakos Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ATTIKON University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, ARETAIEION University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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Fotini Kanouta Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ALEXANDRA University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, ARETAIEION University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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Christos Chatzakis Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IPPOKRATEIO General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, Athens, Greece

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Vassilios Bakoulas Athens, Greece

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Alexandros Gryparis Department of Speech and Language Therapy, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, ARETAIEION University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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Petros Drakakis Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ATTIKON University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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Djuro Macut Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Diseases of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, ARETAIEION University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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George Mastorakos Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, ARETAIEION University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or retrospective cohort-controlled studies ( Table 1 ) and retrospective cohort non-controlled studies ( Table 2 ), published between 1995 and 2021. The pregnant women in the controlled studies included in this

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Louise Vølund Larsen Department of ORL Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Delphine Mirebeau-Prunier Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Angers, Université d’Angers, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, Angers, France

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Tsuneo Imai Department of Breast & Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital

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Cristina Alvarez-Escola Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital ‘La Paz’, Madrid, Spain

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Kornelia Hasse-Lazar Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland

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Simona Censi Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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Luciana A Castroneves Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine Oncology Unit, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Akihiro Sakurai Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan

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Minoru Kihara Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

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Kiyomi Horiuchi Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan

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Véronique Dorine Barbu AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Hôpital St Antoine & INSERM CRSA, Paris, France
Réseau TenGen, Marseille, France

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Francoise Borson-Chazot Réseau TenGen, Marseille, France
Fédération d’Endocrinologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, France

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Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo Réseau TenGen, Marseille, France
Service de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France

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Pascal Pigny Réseau TenGen, Marseille, France
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Oncologie Moléculaire, CHU Lille, Lille, France

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Stephane Pinson Réseau TenGen, Marseille, France
Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Lyon, Lyon, France

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Nelson Wohllk Endocrine Section, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago de Chile, Department of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

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Charis Eng Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute and Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Berna Imge Aydogan Department of Endocrinology And Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Dhananjaya Saranath Department of Research Studies & Additional Projects, Cancer Patients Aid Association, Dr. Vithaldas Parmar Research & Medical Centre, Worli, Mumbai, India

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Sarka Dvorakova Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic

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Frederic Castinetti Aix-Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1251, Marseille Medical Genetics (MMG), Marseille, France
Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital de la Conception, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l’hypophyse HYPO, Marseille, France

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Attila Patocs HAS-SE Momentum Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

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Damijan Bergant Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Thera P Links Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

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Mariola Peczkowska Department of Hypertension, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland

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Ana O Hoff Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

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Caterina Mian Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy

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Trisha Dwight Cancer Genetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Barbara Jarzab Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland

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Hartmut P H Neumann Section for Preventive Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

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Mercedes Robledo Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain

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Shinya Uchino Department of Endocrine Surgery, Noguchi Thyroid Clinic and Hospital Foundation, Beppu, Oita, Japan

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Anne Barlier Réseau TenGen, Marseille, France
Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hospital La Conception, Marseille, France

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Christian Godballe Department of ORL Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Jes Sloth Mathiesen Department of ORL Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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our knowledge, however, no such cohorts exist. Instead, a surrogate cohort study is to examine the prevalence of MEN 2A index cases presenting with PHPT as the first manifestation in an unselected cohort of MEN 2A index cases. Based on the experience

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Hongyan Wang Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Bin Wu Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Zichuan Yao Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Xianqing Zhu Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Yunzhong Jiang Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Song Bai Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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University in Shengyang, China, 14 January 2019. Informed consent from all eligible patients was obtained. The clinical research registry UIN is ChiCTR1900020811. The development cohort of this study consisted of 262 patients who underwent pheochromocytoma

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Ning Yuan Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Jianbin Sun Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Xin Zhao Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Jing Du Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Min Nan Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Qiaoling Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Xiaomei Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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. However, a prior retrospective cohort study ( 5 ) found that there was no difference in the incidence of GDM, intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, fetal respiratory

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Huy Gia Vuong Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan

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Nguyen Phuoc Long Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

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Nguyen Hoang Anh School of Medicine, Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

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Tran Diem Nghi School of Medicine, Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

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Mai Van Hieu School of Medicine, Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

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Le Phi Hung Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

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Tadao Nakazawa Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan

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Ryohei Katoh Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan

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Tetsuo Kondo Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan

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has been well confirmed in recent meta-analyses ( 30 , 31 ). This meta-analysis has a few limitations that need to be addressed. All included studies were retrospective cohort studies in nature, and it could lead to selection bias. Another

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Lingjuan Li Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jing Qin Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Lin Ren Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Shiyuan Xiang Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoyun Cao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xianglan Zheng Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Zhiwen Yin Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Nidan Qiao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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patients treated before the database deployment were retrospectively collected and those for patients treated after the database deployment were collected prospectively. This study followed the Transparent Reporting of multivariable Prediction Models for

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Julia Herteux Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Simon Johannes Geiger Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Christina Starchl Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Johanna Windisch Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Theresa Lerchl Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Adelina Tmava-Berisha Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Gerit Wünsch Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Kathrin Eller Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Astrid Fahrleitner-Pammer Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Karin Amrein Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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comorbidities including renal, cardiovascular and infectious diseases appears to be increased in retrospective cohorts, with results of the ongoing PARADIGHM trial currently pending ( 1 ). Conflicting results also exist on the clinical significance of HP with

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Lu Liu
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Chunyan Li
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Peng Yang
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Jian Zhu Department of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai 200072, China

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Dongmei Gan Department of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai 200072, China

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Le Bu
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Manna Zhang
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Chunjun Sheng
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Hong Li
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Shen Qu
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FY Huang WF Chen YM Wen YW Kao YH Chen LK Tsai YW . Hip and subtrochanteric or diaphyseal femoral fractures in alendronate users: a 10-year, nationwide retrospective cohort study in Taiwanese women . Clinical Therapeutics 2011 33

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