Patricia Iozzo
Patricia Iozzo
Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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Maria Angela Guzzardi
Maria Angela Guzzardi
Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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( 24 , 25 ). Imaging of the glucose analog 18 F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 FDG) by positron emission tomography (PET) is the gold standard for the assessment of cerebral glucose metabolism in vivo . In this manuscript, we review evidence on
M I Stamou
M I Stamou
Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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P Varnavas
P Varnavas
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
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L Plummer
L Plummer
Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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V Koika
V Koika
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
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N A Georgopoulos
N A Georgopoulos
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
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lamprey. A RSV occurring in a highly conserved region was considered to be of a high impact ( 24 ). Several of the variants discovered have already undergone experimental validation including evidence of how the RSV alters the levels, splicing or normal
Mark J C van Treijen
Mark J C van Treijen
Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Catharina M Korse
Catharina M Korse
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wieke H Verbeek
Wieke H Verbeek
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Gastroenterology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Gastroenterology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Margot E T Tesselaar
Margot E T Tesselaar
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gerlof D Valk
Gerlof D Valk
Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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available. Anatomical imaging always followed DOTA-PET/CT so RECIST could be applied. New lesions had to be confirmed on consecutive imaging to avoid false-positive outcomes. No evidence of disease (NED) was defined as negative consecutive imaging results
Ruth Therese Casey
Ruth Therese Casey
Department of Endocrinology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Deborah Saunders
Deborah Saunders
East Anglian Regional Radiation Protection Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Benjamin George Challis
Benjamin George Challis
Department of Endocrinology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Deborah Pitfield
Deborah Pitfield
Department of Endocrinology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Heok Cheow
Heok Cheow
Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Ashley Shaw
Ashley Shaw
Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Helen Lisa Simpson
Helen Lisa Simpson
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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data have demonstrated a 3-fold increase in the per capita individual radiation exposure from medical diagnostic radiation sources over the past 25 years ( 5 ). The majority of evidence supporting ionising radiation as a carcinogen has been derived from
M S Elston
M S Elston
Department of Endocrinology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
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V B Crawford
V B Crawford
Department of Endocrinology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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M Swarbrick
M Swarbrick
Department of Radiology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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M S Dray
M S Dray
Department of Pathology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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M Head
M Head
Department of Oncology, Tauranga Hospital, Tauranga, New Zealand
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J V Conaglen
J V Conaglen
Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
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) immediately after confirmation of histological diagnosis. Biochemical control of hypercortisolaemia was maintained and both ketoconazole and metyrapone were able to be discontinued. The patient completed four cycles of chemotherapy with radiographic evidence
Ziting Liang
Ziting Liang
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Mengge Yang
Mengge Yang
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Changjuan Xu
Changjuan Xu
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Rong Zeng
Rong Zeng
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Liang Dong
Liang Dong
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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prospective studies showed that COPD appeared to be an important risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after adjusting for possible confounders ( 2 , 30 , 31 ). Recent evidence suggests that hyperglycemia could exacerbate the
Angelica Amorim Amato
Angelica Amorim Amato
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Hailey Brit Wheeler
Hailey Brit Wheeler
Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Bruce Blumberg
Bruce Blumberg
Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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expenditure, it is expected that the accumulation of fat will increase in direct proportion to this imbalance. However, different lines of evidence challenge the energy balance model as a full explanation for weight gain. For example, the nature of calories
Angelo Maria Patti
Angelo Maria Patti
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Kalliopi Pafili
Kalliopi Pafili
Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Nikolaos Papanas
Nikolaos Papanas
Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Manfredi Rizzo
Manfredi Rizzo
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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development of gestational diabetes (GDM) cases ( 1 ). Epidemiological evidence has consistently shown that among mothers with prior history of GDM, 30–84% of them had GDM recurrence in subsequent pregnancies ( 2 ), 20–40% developed metabolic syndrome (MetS
Xiaohui Qi
Xiaohui Qi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ping He
Ping He
Shanghai Hospital Link Center, Shanghai Hospital Development Center, Shanghai, China
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Huayan Yao
Huayan Yao
Computer Net Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Huanhuan Sun
Huanhuan Sun
Wonders Information Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
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Jiying Qi
Jiying Qi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Min Cao
Min Cao
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Bin Cui
Bin Cui
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Guang Ning
Guang Ning
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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because it is structurally modified ( 20 , 21 ). In addition to activating the insulin receptor cascade response, long-acting insulin analogs can also affect the IGF-1 receptor cascade response ( 22 ). And there is evidence from Alvaro’s study that IGF-1
Caihong Xin
Caihong Xin
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Lijuan Niu
Lijuan Niu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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Huaying Fan
Huaying Fan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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Jing Xie
Jing Xie
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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Xin Sun
Xin Sun
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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a lot of evidence that suggests similarities between sarcoidosis and autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, and other autoimmune diseases ( 25 ). HLA genotypes are also related to disease
