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Institute of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Nordhessen, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Departments of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany
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Institute of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Nordhessen, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Departments of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany
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Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the most prevalent cancer in men (1) with a lifetime risk of 16.48% (2) . Older age is an important PCa risk factor, as about three-quarters of all cases occur in
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Introduction Finasteride is an inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase (5α-R) type 1 and 2 enzymes, encoded by the SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 gene, respectively, with higher affinity for 5α-R type 2 in the human ( 1 , 2 ). This enzyme converts testosterone
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studies have provided more information on the causes of CH ( 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). To date, more than 20 disease-causing genes have been reported to be linked with the pathogenesis of CH ( 1 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ). TD is defined as abnormal thyroid gland
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crucial and higher than that of IR , which is itself higher than that of IRR ( 77 ). Similar studies in human do not exist. The evaluation of the IGF1R gene expression in men with gonadal abnormalities would help to better understand the role that
Frontier Science Research Center, Circulatory and Body Fluid Regulation, AIA Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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Table 1 . The plasma level of AM in the female residents was significantly ( P <0.01) lower than that in the males, while in contrast, the BNP and NT-proBNP levels were slightly higher in women than in men. When men and women were analyzed together by
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France
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Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Introduction Classic galactosemia is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of galactose metabolism with a birth prevalence in Europe of about 1/30,000–60,000. It is due to a defect in the gene encoding the galactose-1-phospate
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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. A picture of a profoundly genome-wide imbalance has been drawn, which goes far beyond the simple sex chromosomal gene-dosage theory. Figure 1 (A) The most frequent karyotype of Turner syndrome (TS; 45,X), Trisomy X syndrome (47,XXY
Unit of Endocrinology, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Unit of Endocrinology, Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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infertile couples failing to conceive after 1 year, others after 2 years of unprotected intercourse. Furthermore, the definition of infertility in each trial was different. Some studies enrolled men with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, whereas others
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) ( 1 ). The term sex is used to primarily indicate biological differences and the term gender predominantly describes the psychosocial differences between sexes. Sex differences between women and men include differences in sex hormones and their effects
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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expression from the GSE89632 dataset in SS patients compared to HC ( Fig. 1B ). Moreover, venn diagrams display the overlap of 31 up- and 26 down-regulated genes between SS and HC using GSE48452 and GSE89632 ( Fig. 1C and D ). Figure 1 Identification