Agnieszka Adamska
Agnieszka Adamska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Aleksandra Maria Polak
Aleksandra Maria Polak
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Anna Krentowska
Anna Krentowska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Agnieszka Łebkowska
Agnieszka Łebkowska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Justyna Hryniewicka
Justyna Hryniewicka
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Monika Leśniewska
Monika Leśniewska
Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Irina Kowalska
Irina Kowalska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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dysfunction and characteristic image of the ovaries in the ultrasound ( 2 ). A lot of data indicated that insulin resistance is a key factor in the development of metabolic disturbances in PCOS, for example, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular
Yali Cheng
Yali Cheng
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Qiaoying Lv
Qiaoying Lv
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bingying Xie
Bingying Xie
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bingyi Yang
Bingyi Yang
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Weiwei Shan
Weiwei Shan
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chengcheng Ning
Chengcheng Ning
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bing Li
Bing Li
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Liying Xie
Liying Xie
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chao Gu
Chao Gu
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xuezhen Luo
Xuezhen Luo
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xiaojun Chen
Xiaojun Chen
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Qin Zhu
Qin Zhu
Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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endogenous or exogenous estrogen exposure without progesterone protection is the leading cause of type1 EC ( 2 , 3 ). Accumulating epidemiological evidence also demonstrated that insulin resistance was highly prevalent in endometrial cancer ( 4 , 5 , 6
Anru Wang
Anru Wang
Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Xueqin Yan
Xueqin Yan
Department of Pediatrics, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
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Cai Zhang
Cai Zhang
Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Caiqi Du
Caiqi Du
Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wenjun Long
Wenjun Long
Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Di Zhan
Di Zhan
Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Xiaoping Luo
Xiaoping Luo
Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Introduction The worldwide prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents has increased in past years ( 1 ). Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and long-term cardiovascular complications
Shilpa Lingaiah
Shilpa Lingaiah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Laure Morin-Papunen
Laure Morin-Papunen
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Terhi Piltonen
Terhi Piltonen
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Inger Sundström-Poromaa
Inger Sundström-Poromaa
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Elisabet Stener-Victorin
Elisabet Stener-Victorin
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Juha S Tapanainen
Juha S Tapanainen
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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several metabolic and cardiovascular health implications. Women with PCOS commonly suffer from chronic anovulation, infertility, hyperandrogenaemia, obesity, dyslipidaemia and low-grade chronic inflammation ( 2 ). Insulin resistance is a common feature of
Liangming Li
Liangming Li
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Yuan Wei
Yuan Wei
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Chunlu Fang
Chunlu Fang
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Shujing Liu
Shujing Liu
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Fu Zhou
Fu Zhou
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Ge Zhao
Ge Zhao
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Yaping Li
Yaping Li
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Yuan Luo
Yuan Luo
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Ziyi Guo
Ziyi Guo
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Weiqun Lin
Weiqun Lin
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wenqi Yang
Wenqi Yang
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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that adipose tissue fibrosis is strongly associated with inflammation. Adipose tissue inflammation causes insulin resistance, which in turn promotes inflammation ( 10 ). Adipose tissue mRNA levels of pro-fibrotic genes were positively correlated with
Xiaoli Liu
Xiaoli Liu
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Lanxiang Liu
Lanxiang Liu
Department of Medical Imaging, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Rui Wang
Rui Wang
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Xiaojiao Jia
Xiaojiao Jia
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Binbin Liu
Binbin Liu
Department of Functional Examination, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Ning Ma
Ning Ma
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Qiang Lu
Qiang Lu
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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prediabetes and new-onset diabetes. As a basic characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance plays an important role in the development and progression of arteriosclerosis. Insulin resistance is present in prediabetes, and populations
Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge
Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge
Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Nicole G Jaff
Nicole G Jaff
Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Shane A Norris
Shane A Norris
SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Global Health Research Institute, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Global Health Research Institute, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Marketa Toman
Marketa Toman
Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Nigel J Crowther
Nigel J Crowther
Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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, several studies have shown that low levels of adiponectin are associated with a heightened risk for hypertension ( 3 , 4 ), insulin resistance, diabetes ( 5 ) and inflammation ( 6 ), while higher levels are cardioprotective ( 5 , 7 ). Regional fat
Yuanyuan Li
Yuanyuan Li
Department of Endocrinology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Dongmei Li
Dongmei Li
Department of Endocrinology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Xingbo Cheng
Xingbo Cheng
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Introduction The burgeoning epidemic of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) threatens maternal and infant health. GDM is characterized by glucose intolerance, which causes poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy. Insulin resistance is an
Yang Yu
Yang Yu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Hairong Hao
Hairong Hao
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Linghui Kong
Linghui Kong
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Jie Zhang
Jie Zhang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Feng Bai
Feng Bai
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Fei Guo
Fei Guo
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Pan Wei
Pan Wei
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Rui Chen
Rui Chen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Wen Hu
Wen Hu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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with insulin resistance. Since then, an increasing number of findings suggest ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ) that elevated BCAA levels are associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our previous cross-sectional study of 1302
Trevor Lewis
Trevor Lewis
Physiotherapy Department, Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Eva Zeisig
Eva Zeisig
Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå Univerisity, Umeå, Sweden
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Jamie E Gaida
Jamie E Gaida
University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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and associated metabolic conditions, such as insulin resistance ( 5 ), diabetes ( 6 ), hypercholesterolaemia ( 7 ), statins ( 8 ), abdominal fat ( 9 ), the sympathetic nervous system ( 10 , 11 ), and corticosteroid use ( 12 ). Glucocorticoids are a
