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Flavia Letícia Martins Peçanha Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Reinaldo Sousa dos Santos Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Wagner Seixas da-Silva Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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-dependent anion channel and potentiates chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity . Cancer Research 2005 65 10545 – 10554 . ( doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1925 ) 43 Roberts DJ Miyamoto S . Hexokinase II integrates energy metabolism and cellular protection

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Hugo R Ramos Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Metabolic Vascular Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital de Urgencias, National University of Córdoba, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina

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Andreas L Birkenfeld Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Metabolic Vascular Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital de Urgencias, National University of Córdoba, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Metabolic Vascular Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital de Urgencias, National University of Córdoba, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina

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Adolfo J de Bold Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Metabolic Vascular Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital de Urgencias, National University of Córdoba, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina

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. ( doi:10.1172/JCI59701 ). 108 Collins S . A heart-adipose tissue connection in the regulation of energy metabolism . Nature Reviews. Endocrinology 2014 10 157 – 163 . ( doi:10.1038/nrendo.2013.234 ). 109 Birkenfeld AL Boschmann M Moro C

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Antonia Ertelt Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Ann-Kristin Barton Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Robert R Schmitz Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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Heidrun Gehlen Equine Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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all organ systems involved in metabolism to various degrees, and therefore, the disease results in an impaired energy metabolism of the entire organism (43) . Metabolic syndrome in humans is characterized by abdominal obesity, hypertension

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Maria Angela D'amico Section of Human Morphology, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy

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Barbara Ghinassi Section of Human Morphology, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy

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Pascal Izzicupo Section of Human Morphology, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy

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Lamberto Manzoli Section of Human Morphology, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy

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A Di Baldassarre Section of Human Morphology, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy

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-terminal amidation to be active. Released with catecholamines from the sympathetic nervous system in stress situations, pancreastatin appears to be involved in the modulation of energy metabolism. Moreover, it influences multiple facets of both carbohydrate and lipid

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Ren-Lei Ji Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

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Lu Huang State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

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Yin Wang Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

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Ting Liu Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

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Si-Yu Fan State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

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Min Tao Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

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Ya-Xiong Tao Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

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also been reported ( 32 , 38 , 43 ). Considering the crucial importance of energy metabolism, understanding the endocrine modulation of energy homeostasis is important for economically important fishes and may potentially lead to novel approaches to

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Liselot Koelman Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

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Robin Reichmann Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany

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Claudia Börnhorst Department of Biometry and Data Management, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany

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Matthias B Schulze Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany

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Cornelia Weikert Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany

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Ronald Biemann Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

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Berend Isermann Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

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Andreas Fritsche Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Vascular Disease and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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Krasimira Aleksandrova Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

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characterized chemerin as a potential player in the development of cardio-metabolic diseases and described its multifaceted functions in the regulation of energy metabolism, adipogenesis, and angiogenesis ( 32 ). Systemically elevated chemerin could originate

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Alexander V Amram Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

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Stephen Cutie Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

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Guo N Huang Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

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diminished cardiac regenerative potential ( 2 ). Intriguingly, thyroid hormones have been identified as major regulators of energy metabolism ( 31 ). It is possible that elevated metabolic rates and the evolution of endothermy offered early mammals survival

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Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Agnieszka Nikołajuk Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland

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Radosław Majewski Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland

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Remigiusz Filarski Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland

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Magdalena Stefanowicz Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Natalia Matulewicz Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Marek Strączkowski Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland

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. ( https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.53.5.1261 ) 8 Heckmann BL Zhang X Xie X Saarinen A Lu X Yang X Liu J . Defective adipose lipolysis and altered global energy metabolism in mice with adipose overexpression of the lipolytic inhibitor G0/G1

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Trevor Lewis Physiotherapy Department, Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK

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Eva Zeisig Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå Univerisity, Umeå, Sweden

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Jamie E Gaida University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

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equilibration . Nature Reviews: Neuroscience 2010 11 710 – 718. ( https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2914 ) 17 Kalsbeek A Scheer FA Perreau-Lenz S La Fleur SE Yi CX Fliers E Buijs RM . Circadian disruption and SCN control of energy metabolism

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Emmely M de Vries Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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Hermina C van Beeren Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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Albert C W A van Wijk Department of Experimental Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Andries Kalsbeek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Johannes A Romijn Department of Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Eric Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Anita Boelen Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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studies suggest a role for TH in energy metabolism during starvation ( 1 ) probably partly via local TH metabolism in liver and adipose tissue. D3 is the main T3-inactivating enzyme and affected during starvation in the liver ( 7 ). We hypothesize that

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