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N K Stepto Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Medicine-Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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D Hiam Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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M Gibson-Helm Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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S Cassar Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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C L Harrison Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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S K Hutchison Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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A E Joham Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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B J Canny School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

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A Moreno-Asso Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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B J Strauss Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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N Hatzirodos The Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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R J Rodgers The Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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H J Teede Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
Diabetes and Endocrine Units, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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.4, SAS Institute). Data, unless otherwise stated, were log transformed before analysis to overcome heteroscedastic issues and presented as a back-transformed mean with standard deviation ( s.d. ) as a coefficient of variation (CV; %). For the cross-sectional

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Annette Mouritsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Alexander Siegfried Busch Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lise Aksglaede Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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stage 2) stratified by UGT2B17 genotype. Materials and methods Subjects Healthy boys (668 boys from 6.1 to 21.9 years of age) participating in the cross-sectional COPENHAGEN Puberty Study were included in the study ( 6 , 7 ). Of

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Huma Qamar Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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Nandita Perumal Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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Eszter Papp Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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Alison D Gernand Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

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Abdullah Al Mahmud Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Daniel E Roth Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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cross-sectional analysis of data from a subset of participants enrolled in the Maternal Vitamin D for Infant Growth (MDIG) Trial in Dhaka, Bangladesh (Trial Registration Number: NCT01924013, clinicaltrials.gov). The MDIG trial was a double

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Elena Valassi Endocrinology/Medicine Department, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain

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Natalia García-Giralt URFOA, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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Jorge Malouf Mineral Metabolism Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain

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Iris Crespo Endocrinology/Medicine Department, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain

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Jaume Llauger Radiology Department, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain

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Adolfo Díez-Pérez URFOA, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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Susan M Webb Endocrinology/Medicine Department, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain

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abnormalities in ACRO and, therefore, could represent useful markers to predict persistent bone impairment in these patients is still to be determined. Thus, our cross-sectional study was aimed at evaluating if there are differentially expressed miRNAs in the

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Eva O Melin Department of Clinical Sciences, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Department of Research and Development, Växjö, Sweden
Primary Care, Växjö, Sweden

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Jonatan Dereke Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Maria Thunander Department of Clinical Sciences, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Department of Research and Development, Växjö, Sweden
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden

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Magnus Hillman Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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, other diabetes complications, life style and medication. Subjects and methods This study has a cross-sectional design and is one of seven baseline analyses ( 7 , 11 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 29 ) for a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials

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Fabienne A U Fox Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany

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Lennart Koch Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT TIROL), Tirol, Austria

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Monique M B Breteler Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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N Ahmad Aziz Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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addition, we aimed to assess whether the association differed between men and women across age and between seasons. Methods Study participants This study used cross-sectional baseline data from the first 3000 participants (age range: 30–95 years

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Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

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Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

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Matheus Antônio Souto de Medeiros Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

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Bruna Barcelo Barbosa Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

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José Maria Soares Junior Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Edmund Chada Baracat Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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, longitudinal ( 17 , 18 ) and cross-sectional studies ( 13 , 15 , 16 , 19 , 21 , 24 ) have shown similar results. For the reason that the majority of available data on the association of advancing age with PCOS characteristics enrolled a small sample

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A J Varewijck Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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A J van der Lely Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S J C M M Neggers Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S W J Lamberts Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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L J Hofland Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J A M J L Janssen Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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addition, we studied whether S-Klotho levels are elevated in active acromegaly and whether a relationship exists between S-Klotho levels and IGF1. Subjects and methods Study population This was an investigator-initiated cross-sectional study. A total of 15

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Xingrong Tan Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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Wenjing Hu Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing, China

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Shan Yang Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Han Dai Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Shangcheng Xu Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing, China

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Gangyi Yang Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Ling Li Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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Shiguo Tang Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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Yi Wang Department of Endocrinology, 9th People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Beibei City, Chongqong, China

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associated with insulin resistance in humans and is regulated by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, or liraglutide administration: cross-sectional and interventional studies in normal subjects, insulin-resistant subjects, and subjects with newly diagnosed

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Simon Chang Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark

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Arkadiusz J Goszczak NanoSYD, The Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg, Denmark

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Anne Skakkebæk Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Jens Fedder Centre of Andrology and Fertility Clinic, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Anders Bojesen Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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M Vakur Bor Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark

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Moniek P M de Maat Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Haematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Claus H Gravholt Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Anna-Marie B Münster Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark

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route of treatment compared with injections remains to be settled ( 27 ). This study applied a matched, cross-sectional design to evaluate several aspects of the fibrinolytic system in men with KS. Despite the potential lack of power, the current study

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