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Pinaki Dutta
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Bhuvanesh Mahendran Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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K Shrinivas Reddy Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Jasmina Ahluwalia Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Kim Vaiphei Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Rakesh K Kochhar Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Prakamya Gupta Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Anand Srinivasan Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Mahesh Prakash Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Kanchan Kumar Mukherjee Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, Histopathology, Gastroenterology, Neurosurgery, Pharmacology, Radiodiagnosis, 4th Floor, F Block, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Viral N Shah
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Girish Parthan
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Anil Bhansali
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and or radiotherapy at our institution. After treatment, patients who had suppressible GH OGTT (<1 ng/ml) were subjected to insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH). GHD was defined as peak GH level ≤3 ng/ml during IIH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0132
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 1
Open access
Dan Liang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Han Chen Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Li-Yong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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/mL). Impairment to growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF1): children with growth retardation or adults with obvious hypometabolic syndrome had IGF1 levels below 2 s.d. than their peers and had additional pituitary hormone deficiencies. Impairment

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0168
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 8
Open access
Sheila Leone Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Lucia Recinella Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Annalisa Chiavaroli Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Claudio Ferrante Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Giustino Orlando Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Michele Vacca Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Roberto Salvatori Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Luigi Brunetti Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

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Introduction Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH), GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in addition to their recognised metabolic and endocrine effects, play a pivotal role in brain functions ( 1 , 2 ). Serum GH and IGF-1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0165
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 8
Open access
Annalisa Blasetti Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

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Valeria Castorani Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

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Nella Polidori Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

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Ilaria Mascioli Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

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Francesco Chiarelli Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

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Cosimo Giannini Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

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under-insulinization ( 3 ). These effects are mainly related to the role of insulin in the regulation of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis. In fact, normal insulin secretion and adequate portal insulin levels are necessary

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0370
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 4
Open access
Guillem Cuatrecasas Endocrinology Department, Hospital Quiron-Teknon, CPEN S.L., Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Oberta Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain

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Hatice Kumru Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain

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M Josep Coves Endocrinology Department, Hospital Quiron-Teknon, CPEN S.L., Barcelona, Spain

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Joan Vidal Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain

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cause (43.7%). Male/female ratio stands at 3.9/1, tetraplegia (cervical lesions) accounts for 38.5% of the cases and complete injuries affect 56.7% of the patients ( 6 ). As known, GH mediates its action mainly on the liver acting through IGF1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0296
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 10
Open access
Patrizia Bruzzi Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Paediatric Unit, Modena, Italy

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Silvia Vannelli Pediatric Endocrinologic Unit, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Emanuela Scarano Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Policlinico St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

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Natascia Di Iorgi Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genova, Italy

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Maria Parpagnoli Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy

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MariaCarolina Salerno Department of Translational Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy

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Marco Pitea Pediatric Unit, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy

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Maria Elisabeth Street Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Paediatrics, Department of Mother and Child-AUSL of Reggio Emilia-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy

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Andrea Secco Pediatric Unit, Azienda ospedaliero Nazionale SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy

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Adolfo Andrea Trettene Pediatric Unit, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy

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Malgorzata Wasniewska Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy

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Nicola Corciulo Pediatric Unit, P.O. Gallipoli, ASL Lecce, Italy

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Gianluca Tornese Institute for maternal and child health IRCCS Burlo Garofalo, Trieste, Italy

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Maria Felicia Faienza DAI Scienze Chirurgiche e Pediatriche, Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy

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Maurizio Delvecchio U.O. Malattie Metaboliche e Genetiche e Diabetologia, Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy

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Simona Filomena Madeo Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Paediatric Unit, Modena, Italy

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Lorenzo Iughetti Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Paediatric Unit, Modena, Italy

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verified and collected at each study time. All patients were submitted to rhGH treatment according to the Italian Agency for Drugs guidelines ( 25 ). Biochemical analysis Fasting glucose, insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) values were

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0402
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 7
Open access
Marta Araujo-Castro Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

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Héctor Pian Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

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Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

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Alberto Acitores Cancela Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

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Eider Pascual-Corrales Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

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Víctor Rodríguez Berrocal Neuroendocrinology Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
Endoscopic Skull Base Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Madrid, Spain

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IGF1 levels ( 9 ) and induce tumor shrinkage ( 10 ), improving surgical outcomes in acromegaly ( 11 , 12 , 13 ). However, the impact of SRLs in the GH-secreting pituitary tumor consistency has yet to be elucidated, and controversial results have been

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0414
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 1
Open access
Yanfei Chen Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Mei Li Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Binrong Liao Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Jingzi Zhong Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Dan Lan Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China

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, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin) have shown potential roles in the diagnosis of CPP ( 10 , 11 , 12 ). Recently, Kutlu et al. ( 13 ) reported the role of another novel adipomyokine, irisin, in the diagnosis of CPP, and their study implied

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Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0028
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 4
Open access
Prishila Fookeerah Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia

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Winny Varikatt Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Meena Shingde Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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Mark A J Dexter Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Neurosurgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia

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Mark McLean Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia

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secretion. All eight tumours causing acromegaly expressed growth hormone (GH) and produced elevated insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels (mean 3.1× upper limit of normal). Of these, six tumours expressed prolactin, but none caused high serum prolactin

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0328
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
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Nathalia Liberatoscioli Menezes Andrade Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Mariana Ferreira de Assis Funari Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Alexsandra Christianne Malaquias Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Paulo Ferrez Collett-Solberg Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ciências Medicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Nathalia L R A Gomes Serviço de Endocrinologia, Unidade de Crescimento, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

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Renata Scalco Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Naiara Castelo Branco Dantas Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Raissa C Rezende Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Angelica M F P Tiburcio Serviço de Endocrinologia, Unidade de Crescimento, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

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Micheline A R Souza Serviço de Endocrinologia do Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagao Gesteira/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Bruna L Freire Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Ana C V Krepischi Centro de Pesquisa em Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil

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Carlos Alberto Longui Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Antonio Marcondes Lerario Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Ivo J P Arnhold Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Alexander A L Jorge Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Gabriela Andrade Vasques Unidade de Endocrinologia Genetica (LIM 25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil
Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brasil

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short stature in patients initially classified as ISS ( 7 ). The genetic defects associated with ISS are mainly located in genes that regulate the endochondral ossification process in the growth plate and in genes related to the GH–IGF-1 axis ( 8 , 9

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0214
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access