Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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performance by androgens Testosterone and DHT are the two androgens that clearly bind to the androgen receptor and thereby exert anabolic activity ( Fig. 4 ). Although recent evidence indicates that 11-ketotestosterone and 11-ketodihydrotestosterone
Xichang Wang
Xichang Wang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Xiaochun Teng
Xiaochun Teng
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Chenyan Li
Chenyan Li
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Yushu Li
Yushu Li
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Jing Li
Jing Li
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Weiping Teng
Weiping Teng
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Zhongyan Shan
Zhongyan Shan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Yaxin Lai
Yaxin Lai
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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understanding of the pathology and accumulation of evidence in practice on hyperthyroidism, guidelines for the management of thyrotoxicosis and GD have been formulated or revised in China and abroad ( 1 , 6 , 7 ). In 2007, Chinese scholars formulated the first
Frederic Schrøder Arendrup
Frederic Schrøder Arendrup
Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Severine Mazaud-Guittot
Severine Mazaud-Guittot
Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm, UMR 1085, Rennes, France
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Bernard Jégou
Bernard Jégou
Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm, UMR 1085, Rennes, France
EHESP-School of Public Health, Rennes, France
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EHESP-School of Public Health, Rennes, France
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David Møbjerg Kristensen
David Møbjerg Kristensen
Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm, UMR 1085, Rennes, France
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Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm, UMR 1085, Rennes, France
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lifespan, inevitably leading to menopause and infertility. Disturbed establishment of the follicle pool during fetal development may therefore be damaging to fertility in the adult female (reviewed in 1 ). In this review, we discuss the evidence of the
David J F Smith
David J F Smith
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Hemanth Prabhudev
Hemanth Prabhudev
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Sirazum Choudhury
Sirazum Choudhury
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Karim Meeran
Karim Meeran
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Department of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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until recently, and are often overlooked due to an appropriate fear of Addisonian crises. However, evidence of harm from a minor excess of cortisol is apparent from patients who have subclinical autonomous cortisol production with an associated increase
Gemma White
Gemma White
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Anand Velusamy
Anand Velusamy
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Samantha Anandappa
Samantha Anandappa
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Michael Masucci
Michael Masucci
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Louise A Breen
Louise A Breen
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Mamta Joshi
Mamta Joshi
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Barbara McGowan
Barbara McGowan
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Johnathan G H Hubbard
Johnathan G H Hubbard
Department of Endocrine Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Rupert Obholzer
Rupert Obholzer
Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Dimitra Christodoulou
Dimitra Christodoulou
Department of Radiology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Audrey Jacques
Audrey Jacques
Department of Radiology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Philip Touska
Philip Touska
Department of Radiology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Fahim-Ul Hassan
Fahim-Ul Hassan
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Louise Izatt
Louise Izatt
Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Paul V Carroll
Paul V Carroll
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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growing evidence base to advocate genetic screening in all PPGL cases ( 10 ). In solitary low-risk PCC in the absence of family history, genetic testing is currently funded by NHS England when diagnosed in patients under 60 years of age or if
Florian W Kiefer
Florian W Kiefer
Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Introduction There is now a large body of evidence – at least in rodents – that the actions of brown adipose tissue (BAT) or the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can protect against obesity and related complications ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). The
Zhen-yu Song
Zhen-yu Song
Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Qiuming Yao
Qiuming Yao
Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhiyuan Zhuo
Zhiyuan Zhuo
Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhe Ma
Zhe Ma
Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gang Chen
Gang Chen
Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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the overall results. Moreover, there was no evidence of significant heterogeneity between subgroups with the use of meta-regression analyses. Table 2 Summary risk estimates of the associations between vitamin D level and prostate cancer
Xinlei Chen
Xinlei Chen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Liru Hu
Liru Hu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Caojie Liu
Caojie Liu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Guangcheng Ni
Guangcheng Ni
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yuwei Zhang
Yuwei Zhang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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providing evidence for clinical diagnosis and management. Methods and materials The study was approved by Sichuan University of West China Hospital GCP Center – a National Clinical Trials Agency. Written consent has been achieved from all patients
David C Llewellyn
David C Llewellyn
Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan
Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
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Royce P Vincent
Royce P Vincent
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Catherine Guy
Catherine Guy
Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton, UK
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Eftychia E Drakou
Eftychia E Drakou
Department of Clinical Oncology, Guy’s Cancer Centre – Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London, UK
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Simon J B Aylwin
Simon J B Aylwin
Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Ashley B Grossman
Ashley B Grossman
Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Barts and the London School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, London, UK
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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Barts and the London School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, London, UK
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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John K Ramage
John K Ramage
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
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Georgios K Dimitriadis
Georgios K Dimitriadis
Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, Obesity Immunometabolism and Diabetes Group, King’s College London, London, UK
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Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, Obesity Immunometabolism and Diabetes Group, King’s College London, London, UK
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( 10 ). There is speculation that neuroendocrine cells are the origin of lung NENs, but as we do not yet have evidence of the events of early cell change into neoplasm, this cannot be claimed definitively ( 16 ). However, around 25% of lung carcinomas
Yongli Fu
Yongli Fu
Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Yaowu Sun
Yaowu Sun
Higher Education Research and Teaching Quality Assessment Center, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Jiankun Zhang
Jiankun Zhang
Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Yu Cheng
Yu Cheng
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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trial ( 13 ). Evidence also demonstrated that severe hypoglycemia was strongly associated with hospital mortality, which was considered as an interactive factor for mortality ( 3 , 14 , 15 ). With all those dubious results, we aimed to reassess the
