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Jakub Supronik Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Małgorzata Szelachowska Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Adam Kretowski Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Katarzyna Siewko Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Epidemiology, clinical presentation and pathophysiology Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), otherwise referred to as Graves’ eye disease or thyroid eye disease, is an autoimmune, inflammatory disorder of the retroocular tissue occurring in patients with

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0303
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access
Navid Tabriz University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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Kilian Gloy University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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Astrid Schantzen University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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Dennis Fried University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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Dirk Weyhe University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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Verena Uslar University Hospital for Visceral Surgery, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

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German adult shows pathological changes of the thyroid gland ( 3 ). While not all of those affected need medical treatment, patients with benign thyroid diseases, such as non-toxic or toxic goiters, autoimmune disorders, or postoperative hypothyroidism

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0114
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
Open access
Susana Pastor Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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Abdelmounaim Akdi Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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Eddy R González Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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Juan Castell Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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Josefina Biarnés Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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Ricard Marcos Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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Antonia Velázquez Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

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associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (42, 43) but showed no association with DTC (12) . Therefore, another possible explanation for the combined effect of TG and THRB for thyroid cancer susceptibility could reside in the alteration of the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0017
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 2
Open access
Felix Reschke Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Research, Hannover, Germany

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Torben Biester Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Research, Hannover, Germany

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Thekla von dem Berge Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Research, Hannover, Germany

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Dagmar Jamiolkowski Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Hannover, Germany

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Laura Hasse Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Hannover, Germany

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Francesca Dassie Padua University Hospital, Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Padova, Veneto, Italy

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Pietro Maffei Padua University Hospital, Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Padova, Veneto, Italy

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Katharina Klee Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Research, Hannover, Germany

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Olga Kordonouri Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Research, Hannover, Germany

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Hagen Ott Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Hannover, Germany

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Thomas Danne Auf Der Bult Children’s Hospital, Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Research, Hannover, Germany

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response to oral antidiabetics: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an acquired subepidermal autoimmune vesicular blistering disease with cellular humoral immune response to BP-180 and BP-230 antigens. BP can be triggered by several drugs. Several reports revealed

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0410
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 7
Open access
Anna Olsson-Brown Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK

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Rosemary Lord The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK

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Joseph Sacco The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

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Jonathan Wagg Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland

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Mark Coles Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

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Munir Pirmohamed Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

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to be fully characterised. Previous data has shown that the thyrotoxic pattern is associated with increased 18 FDG uptake compatible with an inflammatory process ( 18 ). It is possible that the threshold for developing autoimmune thyroid disease

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0473
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 4
Open access
Rasha Odeh Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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Abeer Alassaf Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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Lubna Gharaibeh School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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Sarah Ibrahim Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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Fareed Khdair Ahmad Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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Kamel Ajlouni The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics (NCDEG), University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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, associated thyroid disease, family history of autoimmune diseases and symptoms of CD in patients with positive serology. CD-related antibody determinations In JUH, CD serology testing was determined by total serum IgA and anti-tissue transglutaminase

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0146
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Ghazala Zaidi Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Vijayalakshmi Bhatia Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Saroj K Sahoo Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Aditya Narayan Sarangi Departments of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Niharika Bharti Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Li Zhang Department of Immunology, Barbara Davis Centre for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, USA

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Liping Yu Department of Immunology, Barbara Davis Centre for Childhood Diabetes, Denver, USA

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Daniel Eriksson Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Sophie Bensing Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Olle Kämpe Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden

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Nisha Bharani Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India

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Surendra Kumar Yachha Departments of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Anil Bhansali Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

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Alok Sachan Department of Endocrinology, Sri Venkateshwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupathi, India

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Vandana Jain Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

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Nalini Shah Department of Endocrinology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Seth GS Medical College, Mumbai, India

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Rakesh Aggarwal Departments of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Amita Aggarwal Departments of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Muthuswamy Srinivasan Departments of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Sarita Agarwal Departments of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Eesh Bhatia Departments of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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The Finnish-German . APECED Consortium. An autoimmune disease, APECED, caused by mutations in a novel gene featuring two PHD-type zinc-finger domains. Autoimmune-Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy . Nature Genetics 1997 17 399

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0022
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 5
Open access
Salman Razvi Translational and Clinical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK

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Sanaa Mrabeti Medical Affairs EMEA, Merck Serono Middle East FZ-LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

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Markus Luster Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany

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autoimmune thyroid disease . Frontiers in Endocrinology 2017 8 57. ( https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00057 ) 28421036 51 Cortés JMR Zerón HM Genetics of thyroid disorders . Folia Medica 2019 61 172 – 179 . ( https://doi.org/10

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0205
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 11
Open access
Nese Cinar Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

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Alper Gurlek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

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diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease (61) . Autoimmune thyroid dysfunction may be closely associated with fluctuations in visfatin levels. Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) are increased

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-13-0061
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 4
Open access
Adriano N Cury Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Verônica T Meira Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Osmar Monte Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Marília Marone Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Nilza M Scalissi Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Cristiane Kochi Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Luís E P Calliari Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Carlos A Longui Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil

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Introduction Graves' disease (GD) accounts for 10–15% of all childhood thyroid abnormalities and is rare in those under age 5 years – its incidence peaks between age 11 and 15 years, predominantly affecting females (1, 2) . There is

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0049
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 1
Open access