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Xiuhua Liao Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Fujian Maternal-Fetal Clinical Medicine Research Center, Fuzhou, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China

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Suqin Zhu Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Shumin Qiu Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Hua Cao Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Wenwen Jiang Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Huiling Xu Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Yan Sun Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Beihong Zheng Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Fujian Maternal-Fetal Clinical Medicine Research Center, Fuzhou, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China

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). Mitochondria are important organelles that play a crucial role in energy production, metabolism, and cell apoptosis. Mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial fusion and fission, are essential for maintaining normal mitochondrial function. Moreover

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Zhen-yu Song Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Qiuming Yao Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Zhiyuan Zhuo Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Zhe Ma Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Gang Chen Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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an important role in cellular proliferation ( 4 ), differentiation, apoptosis ( 5 ), angiogenesis ( 6 ) and metastasis ( 7 ). All these processes may regulate the development and progression of cancer. A number of researches have been done to

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Ann-Kristin Picke Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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Graeme Campbell Institute of Biomechanics, TUHH Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany

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Nicola Napoli Diabetes and Bone Network, Department Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA

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Lorenz C Hofbauer Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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Martina Rauner Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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macrophages and reduced switch into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. (4) The network of osteocytes is reduced due to an increased apoptosis rate. They increase their expression of sclerostin, an inhibitor of osteoblast function, and RANKL, a promoter of

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Rong Xu Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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Difei Lian Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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Yan Xie Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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Lin Mu Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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Yali Wu Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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Zhilei Chen Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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Baoyu Zhang Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China

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proliferation of osteoblasts through inhibiting the expression of Runx2 and Osterix (Runx2 and Osterix are key transcriptional regulators of osteoblast differentiation) but also negatively affect their activity, viability, and apoptosis, resulting in a decrease

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Jian Ding Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

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Yan Kang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

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Yuqin Fan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

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Qi Chen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zoucheng People’s Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong Province, China

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beneficial effects in various cardiovascular diseases ( 12 ). For instance, in rat model of PE, RESV was reported to reduce blood pressure ( 13 ), as well as inhibit trophoblast apoptosis through oxidative stress ( 14 ). In a pregnant mouse model with reduced

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Flavia Letícia Martins Peçanha Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Reinaldo Sousa dos Santos Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Wagner Seixas da-Silva Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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hyperthyroid animals. Excessive TH signaling is known to induce cell apoptosis in several cell lines through the activation of different mechanisms ( 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ). On the other hand, several studies have demonstrated that the presence of HK bound to

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Brenda Anguiano Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, México

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Carlos Montes de Oca Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, México

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Evangelina Delgado-González Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, México

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Carmen Aceves Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, México

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or thyroxine; TRAMP, transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate. TRH, thyrotropin releasing hormone; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor; XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis. Prostate pathologies Benign prostate

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Xianghe Chen College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xinyu Zeng College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xiao Qiu College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Chi Liu College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Pengcheng Lu College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Ziming Shen College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xiangxiang Zhou College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Kang Yang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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fibrosis in T2DM mice. Studies have found that with the development of T2DM, renal tissue will appear obvious fibrosis in the later stage, while hyperglycemia leads to internal environmental inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, which increases the

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Jian Gong School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China

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Yinjuan Lv School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China

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Yuhao Meng Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China

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Weiheng Zhang Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China

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Xiaocui Jiang Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China

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Min Xiao Laboratory Animal Center, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China

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of the male offspring's reproductive organs ( 4 ). In animal models, prenatal stress led to apoptosis of testicular cells and reduced sperm quality and fertility in offspring rats ( 5 ). Maternal stress in sheep during late pregnancy affects sperm

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Clara Lundetoft Clausen Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark

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Åse Krogh Rasmussen Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Linda Maria Hilsted Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Niels Erik Skakkebæk Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Pal Bela Szecsi Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark

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Lise Pedersen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark

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Thomas Benfield Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA); PDGF-AB/BB; transforming growth factor-α (TGFA); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA); TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL/TNFSF10); and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Statistics Data processing and

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