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previously published studies, which revealed a reduction in adipocyte insulin receptor binding ( 22 ) and a decrease in insulin sensitivity in the luteal phase in comparison to the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle ( 23 ). Additionally, the hypothetical
Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Department of Radiology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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. Journal of Surgical Research 2000 93 182 – 196 . ( doi:10.1006/jsre.2000.5862 ) 5 Carlsson PO Jansson L. Disruption of insulin receptor signaling in endothelial cells shows the central role of an intact islet blood flow for in vivo beta
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production in the VAT. Visfatin has insulin-mimicking/-sensitizing effects. Visfatin binds to the insulin receptor at a site distinct from insulin and exerts hypoglycemic effect by reducing glucose release from hepatocytes and stimulating glucose utilization
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-Klotho). S-Klotho is a protein that has been reported to inhibit IGF1R (and insulin receptor) signaling by inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation of both receptors and their downstream signaling proteins (i.e. IRS) (5, 6, 7) . Acromegaly is characterized by
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, 33 ). Chen had identified insulin receptor (INSR), a strong PCOS candidate locus, played a crucial role in PCOS etiology via IR and metabolic syndrome-related pathways in Chinese women ( 17 ). However, no significant correlation was detected between
Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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insulin in circulation and later dissociate from the insulin, allowing the activation of cellular insulin receptors and leading to unexpected hypoglycaemia ( 47 ). Other relationships In addition to the above-described clinical manifestations
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10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60408-4 23 Tamemoto H Kadowaki T Tobe K Yagi T Sakura H Hayakawa T Terauchi Y Ueki K Kaburagi Y Satoh S Insulin resistance and growth retardation in mice lacking insulin receptor
Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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insulin receptor substrate-1 levels . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2012 1822 952 – 960 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.02.015 ) 22387882 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.02.015 20 Neel BA Brady MJ Sargis RM. The endocrine disrupting chemical
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insulin. In infants with Donohue syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by absence of insulin receptors, fetuses are also undergrown ( 48 ). The essential role of the pancreas for fetal growth is also shown by experimental pancreatectomy in sheep
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Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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defect in the insulin receptor signal transduction has been suggested as there is no structural abnormality in the insulin receptor ( 79 ). Hyperandrogenism in PCOS is, therefore, a potential culprit in the development of NAFLD. Indeed, a recent meta