Xiujuan Su
Xiujuan Su
Department of Women & Children’s Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yan Zhao
Yan Zhao
Department of Women & Children’s Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhijuan Cao
Zhijuan Cao
Department of Women & Children’s Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yingying Yang
Yingying Yang
Department of Women & Children’s Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tony Duan
Tony Duan
Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jing Hua
Jing Hua
Department of Women & Children’s Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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disease varies widely in its subtypes and populations ( 6 , 7 ). A systematic review reported that pooled prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, using the 97.5th percentile as an upper limit for TSH, ranges from 0.5 to 3.5% in different subtypes ( 8
Stefan M Constantinescu
Stefan M Constantinescu
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Thierry Duprez
Thierry Duprez
Department of Radiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Edward Fomekong
Edward Fomekong
Department of Neurosurgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Christian Raftopoulos
Christian Raftopoulos
Department of Neurosurgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Orsalia Alexopoulou
Orsalia Alexopoulou
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Dominique Maiter
Dominique Maiter
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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LH and FSH; and in menopausal women, by the absence of elevation of LH and FSH. Thyrotropin deficiency was defined by a low free T4 concentration combined with nonelevated TSH levels. Corticotropic deficiency was defined by a low morning cortisol
Christin Krause
Christin Krause
Epigenetics & Metabolism, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Martina Grohs
Martina Grohs
Epigenetics & Metabolism, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Alexander T El Gammal
Alexander T El Gammal
Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Stefan Wolter
Stefan Wolter
Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Hendrik Lehnert
Hendrik Lehnert
Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Oliver Mann
Oliver Mann
Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Jens Mittag
Jens Mittag
Molecular Endocrinology, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Henriette Kirchner
Henriette Kirchner
Epigenetics & Metabolism, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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according to the DIN EN ISO 15189:2014 certification. Glucose, cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were determined using photometric assays, HbA1c was quantified using capillary electrophoresis or turbidimetric inhibition assays and folic acid and TSH were
Jan Calissendorff
Jan Calissendorff
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Henrik Falhammar
Henrik Falhammar
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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30 days who developed serious hyperthyroidism ( 8 ). In untreated hyperthyroidism 0.5 mL (375 mg) daily treatment with LS significantly reduces both free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) within 5–10 days, while TSH remains below the
Sahar Hossam El Hini
Sahar Hossam El Hini
Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Yehia Zakaria Mahmoud
Yehia Zakaria Mahmoud
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii
Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Sayed Shehata Mahmoud
Sayed Shehata Mahmoud
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Mohamed Ahmed Amin
Mohamed Ahmed Amin
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Shereen Riad Mahmoud
Shereen Riad Mahmoud
Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Ragaa Abdelshaheed Matta
Ragaa Abdelshaheed Matta
Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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-stimulating hormone (TSH) >4.5 IU/L with normal serum-free T4 (FT4) at least 3 months prior to the commencement of the study. The subjects that regained euthyroid state within this period were excluded. Diagnosis of OH was made among subjects with TSH >4.5 IU/mL and
Ayse Nurcan Cebeci
Ayse Nurcan Cebeci
Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Friedrich-Alexander University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
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Vera Schempp
Vera Schempp
Paediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
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Katharina Förtsch
Katharina Förtsch
Paediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Bettina Gohlke
Bettina Gohlke
Paediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
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Michaela Marx
Michaela Marx
Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Friedrich-Alexander University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
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Helmuth-Guenther Dörr
Helmuth-Guenther Dörr
Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Friedrich-Alexander University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
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Joachim Woelfle
Joachim Woelfle
Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Friedrich-Alexander University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
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definitive treatment for these patients should be introduced. A recent study found that TSH levels might normalise notably from the second year of treatment in patients with DS and GD ( 14 ). Our study aimed to evaluate clinical features, course, and
Susana Pastor
Susana Pastor
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Abdelmounaim Akdi
Abdelmounaim Akdi
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Eddy R González
Eddy R González
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Juan Castell
Juan Castell
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Josefina Biarnés
Josefina Biarnés
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Ricard Marcos
Ricard Marcos
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Antonia Velázquez
Antonia Velázquez
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Grup de Mutagènesi, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Endocrinología, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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genetic variants associated with low levels of TSH and increased thyroid cancer risk suggest the role of thyroid-related hormones in thyroid cancer susceptibility (15) , including thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and TSH receptor (TSHR), which are key
Vanderlan O Batista
Vanderlan O Batista
Division of Psychiatry, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Michael Kellner
Michael Kellner
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany and Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Roberto Salvatori
Roberto Salvatori
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Walter Lisboa
Walter Lisboa
Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
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André Faro
André Faro
Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Lucas B Santos
Lucas B Santos
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Enaldo V Melo
Enaldo V Melo
Statistics division, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Alécia A Oliveira-Santos
Alécia A Oliveira-Santos
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Carla R P Oliveira
Carla R P Oliveira
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Viviane C Campos
Viviane C Campos
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Cynthia S Barros-Oliveira
Cynthia S Barros-Oliveira
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Elenilde G Santos
Elenilde G Santos
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Nathalie O Santana
Nathalie O Santana
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Keila R Villar-Gouy
Keila R Villar-Gouy
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Ângela C Leal
Ângela C Leal
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Rivia S Amorim
Rivia S Amorim
Division of Geriatrics, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Davi A Oliveira Simões
Davi A Oliveira Simões
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Manuel H Aguiar-Oliveira
Manuel H Aguiar-Oliveira
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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University Hospital. TSH, free T4, HIV, syphilis serology, and vitamin B12 were measured by standard techniques. LICA administration We translated the English version of the previously published and validated South Korean LICA model ( 25 , 26 ) into
Xingyao Tang
Xingyao Tang
Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Zhi-Hui Song
Zhi-Hui Song
Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Dawei Wang
Dawei Wang
General Practice Department, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jinkui Yang
Jinkui Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Marly Augusto Cardoso
Marly Augusto Cardoso
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Jian-Bo Zhou
Jian-Bo Zhou
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Rafael Simó
Rafael Simó
Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction, the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (also known as thyrotropin) concentration was also measured as a risk factor for dementia ( 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ). Another meta-analysis combined 11 studies and found that TSH
Carmen Sydlik
Carmen Sydlik
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Inn-Salzach-Rott, Altoetting, Germany
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Ilja Dubinski
Ilja Dubinski
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Susanne Bechtold
Susanne Bechtold
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Heinrich Schmidt
Heinrich Schmidt
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Introduction Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is generally regarded as a standard parameter for the evaluation of thyroid function. However, in several conditions relying on TSH levels alone can be misleading, for instance in central
